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FUTBOLCULARDA ANTRENMAN ÖNCESİ KULLANILAN BESİN TAKVİYELERİNİN HİDRASYON DURUMU VE PERFORMANSA ETKİSİ

Year 2025, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 71 - 82, 26.08.2025

Ahmet Mor , Zehra Kargın , Hakkı Mor , Gaye Kanik , Mekki Abdioğlu

Abstract

Bu çalışma, futbolcularda antrenman öncesi kullanılan karbonhidrat ve protein takviyelerinin bazı performans parametreleri üzerindeki etkilerini incelemeyi amaçlamıştır. Çalışmaya, 18-25 yaş aralığında (yaş: 20,60 ± 1,83 yıl; spor yaşı: 11,10 ± 1,96 yıl; boy uzunluğu: 1,73 ± 0,07 cm; vücut ağırlığı: 72,97 ± 8,93 kg; beden kütle indeksi (BKİ): 24,13 ± 2,29 kg/m2), antrenmanlı ve aktif olarak futbol oynayan 10 erkek sporcu katıldı. Çalışmada, randomize, çift kör, çapraz döngülü ve karşıt dengeli deneysel dizayn kullanıldı. Katılımcılardan, 48 saatlik toparlanma aralıklarıyla üç test gününde ölçüm alındı. Her test gününde katılımcılara test başlangıcından 30 dakika önce rastgele sırayla karbonhidrat (46 g + 300 ml su), whey protein (30 g + 300 ml su) ve plasebo (kalorisiz tatlandırıcı + 300 ml su) takviyeleri verildi. Uygulanan performans testleri; 30 m sürat, dikey sıçrama, çeviklik, RAST (Running-based Anaerobic Sprint Test) ve top hızı performans testlerinden oluştu. Ayrıca, her test gününde test öncesi ve sonrası katılımcıların hidrasyon düzeylerini belirlemek amacıyla tükürük örnekleri alındı. Her ölçümden sonra Borg Skalası (AZD), Görsel Analog Skala (GAS) ve Gastrointestinal Semptom Derecelendirme Ölçeği (GSDÖ) kullanıldı. Değişkenler arası farklılık repeated-measures ANOVA ile analiz edildi. Etki büyüklüğü indeksi, eta- kare değeri (η²) ile hesaplandı. Takviye alımı sonrasında oyuncuların dikey sıçrama, anaerobik güç, yön değiştirme, sürat, top hızı, AZD, GAS, RAST testlerinde ve hidrasyon değerlerinde plasebo (PLA) grubu ile anlamlı bir fark göstermediği belirlendi (p>0,05). Sonuç olarak, antrenman öncesi akut tüketilen karbonhidrat veya protein takviyelerinin, futbolcuların performans parametrelerine uyarıcı bir etki göstermediği tespit edildi ve hidrasyon düzeyleri üzerinde de farklılık bulunmadı.

Keywords

Hidrasyon Performans Karbonhidrat Protein Futbol

References

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THE EFFECTS OF PRE-EXERCISE NUTRITIONAL SUPPLEMENTATION ON HYDRATION STATUS AND PERFORMANCE IN FOOTBALL PLAYERS

Year 2025, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 71 - 82, 26.08.2025

Ahmet Mor , Zehra Kargın , Hakkı Mor , Gaye Kanik , Mekki Abdioğlu

Abstract

This study aimed to examine the effects of pre-exercise carbohydrate and protein supplementation on selected performance parameters in soccer players. Ten male soccer players aged 18–25 years (age: 20.60 ± 1.83 years; training age: 11.10 ± 1.96 years; height: 1.73 ± 0.07 m; body weight: 72.97 ± 8.93 kg; body mass index (BMI): 24.13 ± 2.29 kg/m2) who were trained and actively playing football participated in the study. A randomized, single-blind, counterbalanced crossover design was employed. Participants completed three test sessions with 48-hour recovery intervals between tests. Thirty minutes before each test, participants randomly received either a carbohydrate (46 g + 300 ml water), whey protein (30 g + 300 ml water), or placebo (non-caloric sweetener + 300 ml water). Performance tests included a 30-m sprint, vertical jump, agility, the Running-Based Anaerobic Sprint Test (RAST), and ball speed tests. Saliva samples were collected before and after each test session to assess hydration status. Following each session, ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) were measured using the Borg scale, while the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and Gastrointestinal Symptoms Rating Scale (GSRS) were also administered. Differences among the variables were analyzed using repeated-measures ANOVA. Effect size index was calculated using eta-squared (η²). The results revealed no significant differences (p>0.05) between the carbohydrate, protein, and placebo groups in vertical jump, anaerobic power, agility, sprint, ball speed, RPE, VAS, RAST performance, or hydration status. In conclusion, acute pre-exercise ingestion of carbohydrate or protein supplements did not exert any ergogenic effect on soccer players performance parameters or hydration levels.

Keywords

Hydration Performance Carbohydrate Protein Soccer

References

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  • Currell, K., Conway, S., & Jeukendrup, A. E. (2009). Carbohydrate ingestion improves performance of a new reliable test of soccer performance. International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism, 19(1), 34–46. doi:10.1123/ijsnem.19.1.34
  • Davies, R. W., Carson, B. P., & Jakeman, P. M. (2018). The effect of whey protein supplementation on the temporal recovery of muscle function following resistance training: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutrients, 10(2), 221. doi:10.3390/nu10020221
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  • Goedecke, J. H., White, N. J., Chicktay, W., Mahomed, H., Durandt, J., & Lambert, M. I. (2013). The effect of carbohydrate ingestion on performance during a simulated soccer match. Nutrients, 5(12), 5193–5204. doi:10.3390/nu5125193
  • Harper, L. D., Briggs, M. A., McNamee, G., West, D. J., Kilduff, L. P., Stevenson, E., et al. (2016). Physiological and performance effects of carbohydrate gels consumed prior to the extra-time period of prolonged simulated soccer match-play. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 19(6), 509–514. doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2015.06.009
  • Harper, L. D., Stevenson, E. J., Rollo, I., & Russell, M. (2017). The influence of a 12% carbohydrate-electrolyte beverage on self-paced soccer-specific exercise performance. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 20(12), 1123–1129. doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2017.04.015
  • Ivy, J. L., Res, P. T., Sprague, R. C., & Widzer, M. O. (2003). Effect of a carbohydrate-protein supplement on endurance performance during exercise of varying intensity. International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism, 13(3), 382–395. doi:10.1123/ijsnem.13.3.382
  • Jeukendrup, A. E. (2004). Carbohydrate intake during exercise and performance. Nutrition, 20(7–8), 669–677. doi:10.1016/j.nut.2004.04.017
  • Kanik, G., & Mor, A. (2024). Kadın sporcularda menstrual siklusun farklı fazlarının bazı performans parametreleri üzerine etkisi. Spor ve Performans Araştırmaları Dergisi, 16(1), 137–158. doi:10.17155/omuspd.1604320
  • Karuk, H. N., Rudarli Nalcakan, G., & Pekunlu, E. (2022). Effects of carbohydrate and caffeine combination mouth rinse on anaerobic performance of highly trained male athletes. European Journal of Sport Science, 22(4), 589–599. doi:10.1080/17461391.2021.1907449
  • Kaviani, M., Chilibeck, P. D., Gall, S., Jochim, J., & Zello, G. A. (2020). The effects of low- and high-glycemic index sport nutrition bars on metabolism and performance in recreational soccer players. Nutrients, 12(4), 1–12. doi:10.3390/nu12040982
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There are 57 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Sports Nutrition
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Ahmet Mor 0000-0002-1181-1111

Zehra Kargın 0009-0002-1005-1226

Hakkı Mor 0000-0003-0810-1909

Gaye Kanik 0009-0004-4762-1418

Mekki Abdioğlu 0000-0003-4533-1594

Early Pub Date August 12, 2025
Publication Date August 26, 2025
Submission Date July 1, 2025
Acceptance Date July 31, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 6 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Mor, A., Kargın, Z., Mor, H., … Kanik, G. (2025). FUTBOLCULARDA ANTRENMAN ÖNCESİ KULLANILAN BESİN TAKVİYELERİNİN HİDRASYON DURUMU VE PERFORMANSA ETKİSİ. Sivas Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 6(2), 71-82.
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