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İLKOKUL 3-SINIF ÖĞRENCİLERİNDE BEDEN EĞİTİMİ DERSLERİNDE UYGULANAN STATİK VE DİNAMİK ESNEKLİK EGZERSİZLERİNİN FONKSİYONEL HAREKETE ETKİSİ

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 3, 123 - 131, 22.12.2025

Kürşat Hazar , Vedat Saçlı

Öz

Bu çalışma beden eğitimi dersinden önce uygulanan farklı sürelerdeki statik ve dinamik esneme egzersizlerinin çocuklarda fonksiyonel hareket yeterliliği üzerindeki etkilerini incelemek amacıyla tasarlandı. Araştırmaya bir ilkokulda öğrenim gören 3. sınıf düzeyindeki toplam 71 öğrenci rastgele olarak kontrol grubu (n=15, yaş=8,73±0,59), statik esneme 10 saniye grubu (n=16, yaş=8,63±0,71), statik esneme 20 saniye grubu (n=13, yaş=8,38±0,65), dinamik esneme 10 saniye grubu (n=16, yaş=8,63±0,61) ve dinamik esneme 20 saniye grubu (n=11, yaş=8,18±0,40) olmak üzere beş gruba ayrıldı. Egzersizler haftada 3 gün olmak üzere 6 hafta boyunca beden eğitimi öğretmeni tarafından uygulandı. Fonksiyonel hareket düzeyleri, uygulama öncesi ve sonrası Fonksiyonel Hareket Analiz (FHA) test bataryası ile değerlendirildi. Veriler SPSS 27.0 paket programı kullanılarak analiz edildi. Veriler normal dağılım göstermediğinden dolayı ön ve son testleri kıyaslamak amacıyla Kruskal Wallis H testi kullanılmış olup farkın hangi gruptan kaynaklandığını öğrenmek amacıyla post-hoc testi kullanılmıştır. Ayrıca ön ve son testi kendi arasında kıyaslamak amacıyla wilcoxon işaretli sıralar testi kullanılmıştır. Grupların ön test sonuçları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark bulunmamıştır ve (p> 0.05), bu da grupların başlangıçta homojen olduğunu göstermektedir. Son testleri kıyaslandığında kontrol grubu ile statik 10 saniye, statik 20 saniye ve dinamik 20 saniye arasında istatistiksel olarak bir anlamlılık tespit edilmiştir (p<0.05). Müdahale sonrası analizlerde, deney gruplarının tamamında FHA toplam puanlarında anlamlı artışlar gözlemlenmiştir (p <0.05), kontrol grubunda ise anlamlı bir değişim saptanmamıştır. Elde edilen bulgular, beden eğitimi derslerinden önce uygulanan kısa süreli statik ve dinamik esneme egzersizlerinin çocuklarda fonksiyonel hareket yeterliliğini kısa vadede artırabileceğini göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Statik Esneme Dinamik Esneme Fonksiyonel Hareket Analizi

Kaynakça

  • Abraham, A., Sannasi, R., & Nair, R. (2015). Normative values for the functional movement screentm in adolescent school aged children. International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 10(1), 29.
  • Ajemian, R., D’Ausilio, A., Moorman, H., & Bizzi, E. (2010). Why professional athletes need a prolonged period of warm-up and other peculiarities of human motor learning. Journal of Motor Behavior, 42(6), 381-388.
  • Anderson, B. E., Neumann, M. L., & Bliven, K. C. H. (2015). Functional movement screen differences between male and female secondary school athletes. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 29(4), 1098-1106.
  • Arntz, F., Markov, A., Behm, D. G., Behrens, M., Negra, Y., Nakamura, M., Moran, J., & Chaabene, H. (2023). Chronic effects of static stretching exercises on muscle strength and power in healthy individuals across the lifespan: a systematic review with multi-level meta-analysis. Sports Medicine, 53(3), 723-745.
  • Bardenett, S. M., Micca, J. J., DeNoyelles, J. T., Miller, S. D., Jenk, D. T., & Brooks, G. S. (2015). Functional movement screen normative values and validity in high school athletes: can the FMS™ be used as a predictor of injury? International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 10(3), 303.
  • Begovic, H., Can, F., Yağcioğlu, S., & Ozturk, N. (2020). Passive stretching-induced changes detected during voluntary muscle contractions. Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 36(6), 731-740.
  • Behm, D. G., Blazevich, A. J., Kay, A. D., & McHugh, M. (2016). Acute effects of muscle stretching on physical performance, range of motion, and injury incidence in healthy active individuals: a systematic review. Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, 41(1), 1-11.
  • Boguszewski, D., Radomska, A., Kerbaum‑Visser, K., & Białoszewski, D. (2018). The influence of static and progressive stretching exercises on the functional limitations of the musculoskeletal system. Trends in Sport Sciences, 25(1), 13–19.
  • Bonazza, N. A., Smuin, D., Onks, C. A., Silvis, M. L., & Dhawan, A. (2017). Reliability, validity, and injury predictive value of the functional movement screen: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 45(3), 725-732.
  • Bryson, A., Arthur, R., & Easton, C. (2021). Prior knowledge of the grading criteria increases Functional Movement Screen scores in youth soccer players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 35(3), 762-768.
  • Burns, R. D., Fu, Y., Fang, Y., Hannon, J. C., & Brusseau, T. A. (2017). Effect of a 12-week physical activity program on gross motor skills in children. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 124(6), 1121-1133.
  • Chang, N.-J., Tsai, I.-H., Lee, C.-L., & Liang, C.-H. (2020). Effect of a six-week core conditioning as a warm-up exercise in physical education classes on physical fitness, movement capability, and balance in school-aged children. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(15), 5517.
  • Charlesworth, R. (2014). Understanding Child Development. Wadsworth Cengage Learning.
  • Cook, G., Burton, L., Hoogenboom, B. J., & Voight, M. (2014a). Functional movement screening: the use of fundamental movements as an assessment of function‐part 1. International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 9(3), 396.
  • Cook, G., Burton, L., Hoogenboom, B. J., & Voight, M. (2014b). Functional movement screening: the use of fundamental movements as an assessment of function‐part 2. International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 9(4), 549.
  • Çelebi, M. M. (2017). Isınma ve germe egzersizlerinin propriosepsiyon ve denge üzerine etkisi. Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası, 70(2), 83-89.
  • De Blaiser, C., Roosen, P., Willems, T., Danneels, L., Vanden Bossche, L., & De Ridder, R. (2018). Is core stability a risk factor for lower extremity injuries in an athletic population? A systematic review. Physical Therapy in Sport, 30, 48-56.
  • Duncan, M. J., Stanley, M., & Leddington Wright, S. (2013). The association between functional movement and overweight and obesity in British primary school children. Sports Medicine, Arthroscopy, Rehabilitation, Therapy & Technology, 5, 1-8.
  • Faigenbaum, A. D., Lloyd, R. S., & Myer, G. D. (2013). Youth resistance training: past practices, new perspectives, and future directions. Pediatric Exercise Science, 25(4), 591-604.
  • Ferreira, G. N. T., Teixeira-Salmela, L. F., & Guimarães, C. Q. (2007). Gains in flexibility related to measures of muscular performance: impact of flexibility on muscular performance. Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, 17(4), 276-281.
  • García-Pinillos, F., Montilla, J., Seruendo, L., Floody, P., Salazar, C., & Román, P. ÁL (2019). ¿Do age and sex influence on functional movement in school-age children? Retos: nuevas tendencias en educación física, deporte y recreación, (35), 97-100.
  • Gesel, F. J., Morenz, E. K., Cleary, C. J., & LaRoche, D. P. (2022). Acute effects of static and ballistic stretching on muscle-tendon unit stiffness, work absorption, strength, power, and vertical jump performance. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 36(8), 2147-2155.
  • Gribble, P. A., Brigle, J., Pietrosimone, B. G., Pfile, K. R., & Webster, K. A. (2013). Intrarater reliability of the functional movement screen. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 27(4), 978-981.
  • Hammami, A., Zois, J., Slimani, M., Russell, M., & Bouhel, E. (2016). The efficacy, and characteristics of, warm-up and re-warm-up practices in soccer players: A systematic review. The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 58(1-2), 135-149.
  • Kay, A. D., & Blazevich, A. J. (2012). Effect of acute static stretch on maximal muscle performance: a systematic review. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 44(1), 154-164.
  • Kirkham-King, M., Brusseau, T. A., Hannon, J. C., Castelli, D. M., Hilton, K., & Burns, R. D. (2017). Elementary physical education: A focus on fitness activities and smaller class sizes are associated with higher levels of physical activity. Preventive Medicine Reports, 8, 135-139.
  • Kuzuhara, K., Shibata, M., Iguchi, J., & Uchida, R. (2018). Functional movements in Japanese mini-basketball players. Journal of Human Kinetics, 61, 53.
  • Landrigan, J., & Tomes, C. (2025). A Pilot Study: Effects of 5-week hamstring training on Functional Movement Screen scores. Journal of Sports Medicine and Allied Health Sciences: Official Journal of the Ohio Athletic Trainers Association, 10(3), 2.
  • Lee, C.-L., Hsu, M.-C., Chang, W.-D., Wang, S.-C., Chen, C.-Y., Chou, P.-H., & Chang, N.-J. (2018). Functional movement screen comparison between the preparative period and competitive period in high school baseball players. Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness, 16(2), 68-72.
  • Lim, K.-H., Seo, T.-B., & Kim, Y.-P. (2020). Relationship between movement dysfunctions and sports injuries according to gender of youth soccer player. Journal of Exercise Rehabilitation, 16(5), 427.
  • Lisman, P., Hildebrand, E., Nadelen, M., & Leppert, K. (2021). Association of functional movement screen and Y-balance test scores with injury in high school athletes. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 35(7), 1930-1938.
  • Magyari, N., Szakacs, V., Bartha, C., Szilagyi, B., Galamb, K., Magyar, M., Hortobagyi, T., Kiss, R., Tihanyi, J., & Negyesi, J. (2017). Gender may have an influence on the relationship between Functional Movement Screen scores and gait parameters in elite junior athletes–A pilot study. Physiology International, 104(3), 258-269.
  • McCrary, J. M., Ackermann, B. J., & Halaki, M. (2015). A systematic review of the effects of upper body warm-up on performance and injury. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 49(14), 935-942.
  • Nelson, A. G., Driscoll, N. M., Landin, D. K., Young, M. A., & Schexnayder, I. C. (2005). Acute effects of passive muscle stretching on sprint performance. Journal of Sports Sciences, 23(5), 449-454.
  • Newton, F., McCall, A., Ryan, D., Blackburne, C., aus der Fünten, K., Meyer, T., Lewin, C., & McCunn, R. (2017). Functional Movement Screen (FMS™) score does not predict injury in English Premier League youth academy football players. Science and Medicine in Football, 1(2), 102-106.
  • O’Brien, W., Khodaverdi, Z., Bolger, L., Tarantino, G., Philpott, C., & Neville, R. D. (2022). The assessment of functional movement in children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports Medicine, 1-17.
  • Opatowicz, P., Mroczek, A., & Kaczorowska, A. (2022). Effects of a dynamic stretching warm-up on functional movement patterns in female hip-hop dancers. Medical Science Pulse, 16(3).
  • Page, P. (2012). Current concepts in muscle stretching for exercise and rehabilitation. International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 7(1), 109.
  • Pescatello, L. S. (2014). ACSM's Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
  • Pinillos, F. G., Seruendo, L. E. R., Floody, P. D., Mayorga, D. J., & Román, P. Á. L. (2018). Is there any relationship between functional movement and weight status?: A study in Spanish school-age children. Nutrición Hospitalaria, 35(4), 805-810.
  • Samson, M., Button, D. C., Chaouachi, A., & Behm, D. G. (2012). Effects of dynamic and static stretching within general and activity specific warm-up protocols. Journal of Sports Science & Medicine, 11(2), 279.
  • Sharma, L., Chmiel, J. S., Almagor, O., Felson, D., Guermazi, A., Roemer, F., Lewis, C. E., Segal, N., Torner, J., & Cooke, T. D. V. (2013). The role of varus and valgus alignment in the initial development of knee cartilage damage by MRI: the MOST study. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 72(2), 235-240.
  • Silva, L. M., Neiva, H. P., Marques, M. C., Izquierdo, M., & Marinho, D. A. (2018). Effects of warm-up, post-warm-up, and re-warm-up strategies on explosive efforts in team sports: A systematic review. Sports Medicine, 48, 2285-2299.
  • Smith, A., O'Sullivan, P., & Straker, L. (2008). Classification of sagittal thoraco-lumbo-pelvic alignment of the adolescent spine in standing and its relationship to low back pain. Spine, 33(19), 2101-2107.
  • Smith, L. J., Creps, J. R., Bean, R., Rodda, B., & Alsalaheen, B. (2017). Performance of high school male athletes on the Functional Movement Screen™. Physical Therapy in Sport, 27, 17-23.
  • Sunal, F., & Tutar, M. (2024). Sedanter bireylerde foam roller ve statik stretching uygulamalarının mobilizasyon, denge ve esnekliğe etkisi. Herkes için Spor ve Rekreasyon Dergisi, 6(4), 451-456.
  • Thomas, E., Bianco, A., Paoli, A., & Palma, A. (2018). The relation between stretching typology and stretching duration: the effects on range of motion. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 39(4), 243-254.
  • Vehrs, P. R., Barker, H., Nomiyama, M., Vehrs, Z., Tόth, M., Uvacsek, M., Mitchel, U. H., & Johnson, A. W. (2021). Sex differences in dysfunctional movements and asymmetries in young normal weight, overweight, and obese children. Children, 8(3), 184.
  • Ward, J. K., Hastie, P. A., Wadsworth, D. D., Foote, S., Brock, S. J., & Hollett, N. (2017). A sport education fitness season’s impact on students’ fitness levels, knowledge, and in-class physical activity. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 88(3), 346-351.

THE EFFECT OF STATİC AND DYNAMİC FLEXİBİLİTY EXERCİSES APPLİED İN PHYSİCAL EDUCATİON CLASSES ON FUNCTİONAL MOVEMENT İN 3-GRADE PRİMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 3, 123 - 131, 22.12.2025

Kürşat Hazar , Vedat Saçlı

Öz

This study was designed to investigate the effects of static and dynamic stretching exercises of varying durations, performed before physical education classes, on functional movement proficiency in children. A total of 71 third-grade students attending a primary school were randomly assigned to a control group (n=15, age=8.73±0.59), a 10-second static stretching group (n=16, age=8.63±0.71), static stretching 20 seconds group (n=13, age=8.38±0.65), dynamic stretching 10 seconds group (n=16, age=8.63±0.61), and dynamic stretching 20 seconds group (n=11, age=8.18±0.40). The exercises were administered by a physical education teacher three days a week for six weeks. Functional movement levels were assessed before and after the intervention using the Functional Movement Screen (FMS) test battery. Data were analysed using the SPSS 27.0 software package. As the data did not show a normal distribution, the Kruskal-Wallis H test was used to compare the pre- and post-tests, and a post-hoc test was used to determine which group the difference originated from. Additionally, the Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare the pre- and post-tests with each other. There was no statistically significant difference between the pre-test results of the groups (p> 0.05), indicating that the groups were homogeneous at baseline. When comparing the post-tests, a statistically significant difference was found between the control group and the static 10 seconds, static 20 seconds, and dynamic 20 seconds (p<0.05). In post-intervention analyses, significant increases in total FMS scores were observed in all experimental groups (p<0.05), while no significant change was detected in the control group. The findings indicate that short-term static and dynamic stretching exercises performed before physical education classes may increase functional movement competence in children in the short term.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Static Stretching Dynamic Stretching Functional Movement Screen

Kaynakça

  • Abraham, A., Sannasi, R., & Nair, R. (2015). Normative values for the functional movement screentm in adolescent school aged children. International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 10(1), 29.
  • Ajemian, R., D’Ausilio, A., Moorman, H., & Bizzi, E. (2010). Why professional athletes need a prolonged period of warm-up and other peculiarities of human motor learning. Journal of Motor Behavior, 42(6), 381-388.
  • Anderson, B. E., Neumann, M. L., & Bliven, K. C. H. (2015). Functional movement screen differences between male and female secondary school athletes. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 29(4), 1098-1106.
  • Arntz, F., Markov, A., Behm, D. G., Behrens, M., Negra, Y., Nakamura, M., Moran, J., & Chaabene, H. (2023). Chronic effects of static stretching exercises on muscle strength and power in healthy individuals across the lifespan: a systematic review with multi-level meta-analysis. Sports Medicine, 53(3), 723-745.
  • Bardenett, S. M., Micca, J. J., DeNoyelles, J. T., Miller, S. D., Jenk, D. T., & Brooks, G. S. (2015). Functional movement screen normative values and validity in high school athletes: can the FMS™ be used as a predictor of injury? International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 10(3), 303.
  • Begovic, H., Can, F., Yağcioğlu, S., & Ozturk, N. (2020). Passive stretching-induced changes detected during voluntary muscle contractions. Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 36(6), 731-740.
  • Behm, D. G., Blazevich, A. J., Kay, A. D., & McHugh, M. (2016). Acute effects of muscle stretching on physical performance, range of motion, and injury incidence in healthy active individuals: a systematic review. Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, 41(1), 1-11.
  • Boguszewski, D., Radomska, A., Kerbaum‑Visser, K., & Białoszewski, D. (2018). The influence of static and progressive stretching exercises on the functional limitations of the musculoskeletal system. Trends in Sport Sciences, 25(1), 13–19.
  • Bonazza, N. A., Smuin, D., Onks, C. A., Silvis, M. L., & Dhawan, A. (2017). Reliability, validity, and injury predictive value of the functional movement screen: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 45(3), 725-732.
  • Bryson, A., Arthur, R., & Easton, C. (2021). Prior knowledge of the grading criteria increases Functional Movement Screen scores in youth soccer players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 35(3), 762-768.
  • Burns, R. D., Fu, Y., Fang, Y., Hannon, J. C., & Brusseau, T. A. (2017). Effect of a 12-week physical activity program on gross motor skills in children. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 124(6), 1121-1133.
  • Chang, N.-J., Tsai, I.-H., Lee, C.-L., & Liang, C.-H. (2020). Effect of a six-week core conditioning as a warm-up exercise in physical education classes on physical fitness, movement capability, and balance in school-aged children. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(15), 5517.
  • Charlesworth, R. (2014). Understanding Child Development. Wadsworth Cengage Learning.
  • Cook, G., Burton, L., Hoogenboom, B. J., & Voight, M. (2014a). Functional movement screening: the use of fundamental movements as an assessment of function‐part 1. International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 9(3), 396.
  • Cook, G., Burton, L., Hoogenboom, B. J., & Voight, M. (2014b). Functional movement screening: the use of fundamental movements as an assessment of function‐part 2. International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 9(4), 549.
  • Çelebi, M. M. (2017). Isınma ve germe egzersizlerinin propriosepsiyon ve denge üzerine etkisi. Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası, 70(2), 83-89.
  • De Blaiser, C., Roosen, P., Willems, T., Danneels, L., Vanden Bossche, L., & De Ridder, R. (2018). Is core stability a risk factor for lower extremity injuries in an athletic population? A systematic review. Physical Therapy in Sport, 30, 48-56.
  • Duncan, M. J., Stanley, M., & Leddington Wright, S. (2013). The association between functional movement and overweight and obesity in British primary school children. Sports Medicine, Arthroscopy, Rehabilitation, Therapy & Technology, 5, 1-8.
  • Faigenbaum, A. D., Lloyd, R. S., & Myer, G. D. (2013). Youth resistance training: past practices, new perspectives, and future directions. Pediatric Exercise Science, 25(4), 591-604.
  • Ferreira, G. N. T., Teixeira-Salmela, L. F., & Guimarães, C. Q. (2007). Gains in flexibility related to measures of muscular performance: impact of flexibility on muscular performance. Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, 17(4), 276-281.
  • García-Pinillos, F., Montilla, J., Seruendo, L., Floody, P., Salazar, C., & Román, P. ÁL (2019). ¿Do age and sex influence on functional movement in school-age children? Retos: nuevas tendencias en educación física, deporte y recreación, (35), 97-100.
  • Gesel, F. J., Morenz, E. K., Cleary, C. J., & LaRoche, D. P. (2022). Acute effects of static and ballistic stretching on muscle-tendon unit stiffness, work absorption, strength, power, and vertical jump performance. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 36(8), 2147-2155.
  • Gribble, P. A., Brigle, J., Pietrosimone, B. G., Pfile, K. R., & Webster, K. A. (2013). Intrarater reliability of the functional movement screen. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 27(4), 978-981.
  • Hammami, A., Zois, J., Slimani, M., Russell, M., & Bouhel, E. (2016). The efficacy, and characteristics of, warm-up and re-warm-up practices in soccer players: A systematic review. The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 58(1-2), 135-149.
  • Kay, A. D., & Blazevich, A. J. (2012). Effect of acute static stretch on maximal muscle performance: a systematic review. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 44(1), 154-164.
  • Kirkham-King, M., Brusseau, T. A., Hannon, J. C., Castelli, D. M., Hilton, K., & Burns, R. D. (2017). Elementary physical education: A focus on fitness activities and smaller class sizes are associated with higher levels of physical activity. Preventive Medicine Reports, 8, 135-139.
  • Kuzuhara, K., Shibata, M., Iguchi, J., & Uchida, R. (2018). Functional movements in Japanese mini-basketball players. Journal of Human Kinetics, 61, 53.
  • Landrigan, J., & Tomes, C. (2025). A Pilot Study: Effects of 5-week hamstring training on Functional Movement Screen scores. Journal of Sports Medicine and Allied Health Sciences: Official Journal of the Ohio Athletic Trainers Association, 10(3), 2.
  • Lee, C.-L., Hsu, M.-C., Chang, W.-D., Wang, S.-C., Chen, C.-Y., Chou, P.-H., & Chang, N.-J. (2018). Functional movement screen comparison between the preparative period and competitive period in high school baseball players. Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness, 16(2), 68-72.
  • Lim, K.-H., Seo, T.-B., & Kim, Y.-P. (2020). Relationship between movement dysfunctions and sports injuries according to gender of youth soccer player. Journal of Exercise Rehabilitation, 16(5), 427.
  • Lisman, P., Hildebrand, E., Nadelen, M., & Leppert, K. (2021). Association of functional movement screen and Y-balance test scores with injury in high school athletes. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 35(7), 1930-1938.
  • Magyari, N., Szakacs, V., Bartha, C., Szilagyi, B., Galamb, K., Magyar, M., Hortobagyi, T., Kiss, R., Tihanyi, J., & Negyesi, J. (2017). Gender may have an influence on the relationship between Functional Movement Screen scores and gait parameters in elite junior athletes–A pilot study. Physiology International, 104(3), 258-269.
  • McCrary, J. M., Ackermann, B. J., & Halaki, M. (2015). A systematic review of the effects of upper body warm-up on performance and injury. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 49(14), 935-942.
  • Nelson, A. G., Driscoll, N. M., Landin, D. K., Young, M. A., & Schexnayder, I. C. (2005). Acute effects of passive muscle stretching on sprint performance. Journal of Sports Sciences, 23(5), 449-454.
  • Newton, F., McCall, A., Ryan, D., Blackburne, C., aus der Fünten, K., Meyer, T., Lewin, C., & McCunn, R. (2017). Functional Movement Screen (FMS™) score does not predict injury in English Premier League youth academy football players. Science and Medicine in Football, 1(2), 102-106.
  • O’Brien, W., Khodaverdi, Z., Bolger, L., Tarantino, G., Philpott, C., & Neville, R. D. (2022). The assessment of functional movement in children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports Medicine, 1-17.
  • Opatowicz, P., Mroczek, A., & Kaczorowska, A. (2022). Effects of a dynamic stretching warm-up on functional movement patterns in female hip-hop dancers. Medical Science Pulse, 16(3).
  • Page, P. (2012). Current concepts in muscle stretching for exercise and rehabilitation. International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 7(1), 109.
  • Pescatello, L. S. (2014). ACSM's Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
  • Pinillos, F. G., Seruendo, L. E. R., Floody, P. D., Mayorga, D. J., & Román, P. Á. L. (2018). Is there any relationship between functional movement and weight status?: A study in Spanish school-age children. Nutrición Hospitalaria, 35(4), 805-810.
  • Samson, M., Button, D. C., Chaouachi, A., & Behm, D. G. (2012). Effects of dynamic and static stretching within general and activity specific warm-up protocols. Journal of Sports Science & Medicine, 11(2), 279.
  • Sharma, L., Chmiel, J. S., Almagor, O., Felson, D., Guermazi, A., Roemer, F., Lewis, C. E., Segal, N., Torner, J., & Cooke, T. D. V. (2013). The role of varus and valgus alignment in the initial development of knee cartilage damage by MRI: the MOST study. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 72(2), 235-240.
  • Silva, L. M., Neiva, H. P., Marques, M. C., Izquierdo, M., & Marinho, D. A. (2018). Effects of warm-up, post-warm-up, and re-warm-up strategies on explosive efforts in team sports: A systematic review. Sports Medicine, 48, 2285-2299.
  • Smith, A., O'Sullivan, P., & Straker, L. (2008). Classification of sagittal thoraco-lumbo-pelvic alignment of the adolescent spine in standing and its relationship to low back pain. Spine, 33(19), 2101-2107.
  • Smith, L. J., Creps, J. R., Bean, R., Rodda, B., & Alsalaheen, B. (2017). Performance of high school male athletes on the Functional Movement Screen™. Physical Therapy in Sport, 27, 17-23.
  • Sunal, F., & Tutar, M. (2024). Sedanter bireylerde foam roller ve statik stretching uygulamalarının mobilizasyon, denge ve esnekliğe etkisi. Herkes için Spor ve Rekreasyon Dergisi, 6(4), 451-456.
  • Thomas, E., Bianco, A., Paoli, A., & Palma, A. (2018). The relation between stretching typology and stretching duration: the effects on range of motion. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 39(4), 243-254.
  • Vehrs, P. R., Barker, H., Nomiyama, M., Vehrs, Z., Tόth, M., Uvacsek, M., Mitchel, U. H., & Johnson, A. W. (2021). Sex differences in dysfunctional movements and asymmetries in young normal weight, overweight, and obese children. Children, 8(3), 184.
  • Ward, J. K., Hastie, P. A., Wadsworth, D. D., Foote, S., Brock, S. J., & Hollett, N. (2017). A sport education fitness season’s impact on students’ fitness levels, knowledge, and in-class physical activity. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 88(3), 346-351.
Toplam 49 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Antrenman
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Kürşat Hazar 0000-0002-6159-2631

Vedat Saçlı 0009-0001-2313-5675

Gönderilme Tarihi 13 Ekim 2025
Kabul Tarihi 5 Kasım 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi 22 Aralık 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 6 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Hazar, K., & Saçlı, V. (2025). İLKOKUL 3-SINIF ÖĞRENCİLERİNDE BEDEN EĞİTİMİ DERSLERİNDE UYGULANAN STATİK VE DİNAMİK ESNEKLİK EGZERSİZLERİNİN FONKSİYONEL HAREKETE ETKİSİ. Sivas Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 6(3), 123-131.