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15-17 Yaş Erkek Basketbolculara Uygulanan Dirençli Pliometrik Antrenmanların Sprint ve Çeviklik Performansına Etkisi

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1, 1 - 13, 31.12.2017

Ömer Pamuk Yaşar Gül Özkaya

Öz

Amaç:
Bu çalışmanın
amacı; 15-17 yaş erkek basketbolculara uygulanan 12 haftalık dirençli
pliometrik antrenman programının sprint ve çeviklik performansına etkisinin
araştırılmasıdır.

Yöntem: Çalışmaya
yaş ortalamaları 15,8±0,8 yıl, vücut ağırlığı 71.56±0.95 kg, boy ortalaması
182.86±0.90 cm antrenman yaşı 4±1.8 yıl olan düzenli antrenman yapan 35 erkek
basketbolcu gönüllü olarak katıldı. Sporcular antrenman protokollerine göre
rastgele kontrol, pliometrik ve dirençli pliometrik olarak üç gruba ayrıldı. 12
hafta süresince haftada 5 gün, kontrol grubu sadece standart basketbol
antrenmanı yaparken, pliometrik antrenman grubu standart basketbol antrenmanına
ek olarak haftada 3 gün pliometrik sıçrama, 
dirençli pliometrik antrenman grubu ise standart basketbol antrenmanına
ek olarak “Vertimax©” cihazı kullanarak, haftada 3 gün dirençli pliometrik
antrenman çalışması yaptı. Tüm sporcuların boy uzunluğu ve vücut ağırlığı
ölçümleri ve çeviklik, 10m ve 20m sprint performans testleri çalışmanın başında
ve sonunda yapıldı. Çalışmada ilk ve son test karşılaştırmaları için bağımlı örneklem t testi, gruplar arası
karşılaştırmalar için tek yönlü varyans analizi kullanıldı.

Bulgular: Grupların ilk ve son ölçümleri karşılaştırıldığında üç
grupta da çeviklik ve 20m koşu süresi ortalamalarında son testler lehine istatistiksel
olarak iyileşme görüldü (p < .05).
10m koşu süresinde ise kontrol ve dirençli pliometrik antrenman gruplarında ilk
ölçüme göre iyileşme tespit edildi (p<
.05). Çeviklik performansının son test sonuçları incelendiğinde dirençli
pliometrik ve pliometrik antrenman gruplarının kontrol grubuna göre daha iyi
performans gösterdiği tespit edildi
(p< .05).  20m koşu süresi son
test ölçümlerinin gruplar arası karşılaştırmasında, sadece dirençli pliometrik
antrenman grubunun kontrol grubuna göre daha iyi olduğu saptandı (p< .05).  10 m koşu süresi son test ölçümlerinde ise
gruplar arası fark bulunmadı (p> .05). 







Sonuç: 12 hafta boyunca farklı protokollerde uygulanan antrenman
programı çeviklik ve sprint performansında olumlu yönde farklılıklara yol açtı. Çeviklik performansında pliometrik ve dirençli
pliometrik gruplarda gelişim daha fazla oluştu. Sprint sürelerinde de gelişim pliometrik
grupta daha fazla oldu. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Adolesan çeviklik sprint basketbol pliometrik

Kaynakça

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  • Baker, D. (1995). Selecting the appropriate exercises and loads for speed-strength development. Strength and Conditioning Coach, 3, 8–15.
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The Impact of Resistant Pliometric Training on Sprint and Agility Performance of 15-17 Years Old Male Basketball Players

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1, 1 - 13, 31.12.2017

Ömer Pamuk Yaşar Gül Özkaya

Öz

Objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of resistance plyometric training for 12 weeks on sprint and agility performance of male basketball players aged between 15-17 years.

Methods: 35 male regularly trained basketball players with the mean age of 15.8 ± 0.8 years, the body weight of 71.56 ± 0.95 kg, the mean height of 182.86 ± 0.90 cm and the mean of years of training of 4±1,8 years voluntarily participated in the study. The athletes were randomly divided into three groups as control, plyometric and resistant plyometric. While control group performed a standard basketball training 5 days per week, the plyometric group performed 3 days plyometric jump in addition to standard basketball training and the resistant plyometric group performed a resistant plyometric training by using the "Vertimax© " device three days a week during 12 weeks in addition to standard basketball training. Physical characteristics such as age, sports age, height and weight, parameters of performance (agility, 10 and 20 meters sprint running time) were measured both at the beginning and at the end of training program. Results presented as mean ± standard deviation, and a level of p<0.05 set as statistical significance level.

Results: Initial and final comparisons of the groups demonstrated that all three groups showed an improvement in agility and 20m sprint running performances (p< .05). Control and resistance plyometric training groups showed an improvement in 10m sprint running performance in a comparison with the initial scores (p< .05). Final measurements of agility scores showed that plyometric and resistance plyometric training groups had a better performance in a comparison with the control group (p< .05). Statistical comparisons of the final measurement of the 20m sprint running showed that only resistance plyometric training group had a better performance in comparison with the control group (p< .05). No statistical differences found among groups in 10m sprint running performances(p> .05).

Conclusion: In conclusion, the results of the present study showed that both plyometric and resistance plyometric training for 12 weeks improves the agility performance, however, resistance plyometric training results an additional improvement in 10m and 20m sprint running performance in a comparison with the plyometric training with the same duration.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Plyometric basketball adolescents sprint agility.

Kaynakça

  • Anshel, MH., Russell, KG. (1994). Effect of aerobic and strength training on pain tolerance, pain appraisal and mood of unfit males as a function of pain location. Journal of Sports Science, 12, 535-547.
  • Ardıçlı, T, (2005). 15-16 Yaş Grubu Futbolculara Uygulanan Pliometrik Ve Ağırlık Antrenmanlarının Bazı Fiziksel Ve Fizyolojik Parametrelere Etkisi (Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi) Gazi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Armijo, O., Magee, DJ., Gross, DP. (2011). Effects of exercise therapy on endogenous pain-relieving peptides in musculoskeletal pain: a systematic review. The Clinical journal of pain, 27, 365-374.
  • Baker, D. (1996). Improving vertical jump performance through general, special, and specific strength training: A brief review. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 10, 131–136.
  • Baker, D. (1995). Selecting the appropriate exercises and loads for speed-strength development. Strength and Conditioning Coach, 3, 8–15.
  • Baştürk, D, (2013). Vertimax antrenmanlarının çeviklik, çabukluk ve ivmelenme üzerine etkisi (Yayınlanmamış doktora tezi) Gazi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Bavlı, Ö, (2009). Havuz pliometrik egzersizleri ile alan pliometrik egzersizlerin adolesan dönem basketbolcuların biyomotorik ve yapısal özelliklerine etkisi (Yayınlanmamış doktora tezi) Çukurova Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Adana. Bavlı, Ö. (2012). Investigation the effects of combined plyometrics with basketball training on some biomotorical performance. Pamukkale Journal of Sport Sciences, 3, 90-100.
  • Beck, AT. (1961). An inventory for measuring depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry, 4, 561-71.
  • Boecker, H., Sprenger, T., Spilker, ME., Henriksen, G., Koppenhoefer, M., Wagner, KJ., Tolle, TR. (2008). The runner's high: opioidergic mechanisms in the human brain. Cerebral Cortex,18, 2523-2531.
  • Bompa, TO. (2001). Sporda Çabuk Kuvvet Antrenmanı. Ankara: Bağırgan Yayınevi.
  • Bouget, M., Rouveix, M., Michaux, O., Pequignot, JM., Filaire, E.(2006). Relationships among training stress, mood and dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate/cortisol ratio in female cyclists. Journal of Sports Sciences, 24, 1297-1302.
  • Carlson, K., Magnusen, M., Walters, P. (2009). Effect of various training modalities on vertical jump. Research in Sports Medicine, 17, 84-94.
  • Cohen, EE., Ejsmond-Frey, R., Knight, N., Dunbar, RI. (2010). Rowers' high: behavioural synchrony is correlated with elevated pain thresholds. Biology Letters, 6, 106-108.
  • Darendelioğlu, R, (2008). Bir rekreasyon faaliyeti olarak basketbol maçlarına katılımı etkileyen faktörler (beko basketbol ligi antalya örneği). (Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi) Akdeniz Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Antalya.
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  • Lindman, R., Hagberg, M., Angqvist, KA., Soderlund, K., Hultman, E., Thornell, LE. (1991). Changes in muscle morphology in chronic trapezius myalgia. Scand J Work Environ Health, 17, 347–55.
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  • McAllister, RM., Urban, LA., Dray, A., Smith, PJ. (1995). Comparison of the sensory threshold in healthy human volunteers with the sensory nerve response of the rat in vitro hindlimb skin and saphenous nerve preparation on cutaneous electrical stimulation. The Journal of Hand Surgery: British & European Volume, 20, 437-443. McBride, JM., Triplett-McBride, T., Davie, A., Newton, RU. (1999). A comparison of strength and power characteristics between power lifters, Olympic lifters, and sprinters. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 13, 58–66.
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  • McClenton, LS., Brown, LE., Coburn, JW., Kersey, RD. (2008). The effect of short-term VertiMax vs. depth jump training on vertical jump performance. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 22, 321–325.
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  • Öğün, ES, (2012). Türkiye bölgesel bayan basketbol ligi b grubunda oynayan bayan basketbolcuların sakatlanma sıklıkları ve nedenleri (Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi). Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Afyonkarahisar.
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  • Staud, R., Robinson, ME, Price, DD. (2007). Temporal summation of second pain and its maintenance are useful for characterizing widespread central sensitization of fibromyalgia patients. The Journal of Pain, 8, 893-901.
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  • Tesarz, J., Schuster, AK., Hartmann, M., Gerhardt, A. & Eich, W. (2012). Pain perception in athletes compared to normally active controls: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Pain, 153, 1253-1262.
  • Tesarz, J., Gerhardt, A., Schommer, K., Treede, R. D., & Eich, W. (2013). Alterations in endogenous pain modulation in endurance athletes: an experimental study using quantitative sensory testing and the cold-pressor task. Pain, 154(7), 1022-1029.
  • Usgu, G, (2016). Basketbol oyuncularında vibrasyon eşliğindeki pliometrik eğitimin fiziksel performans üzerine etkileri (Yayınlanmamış doktora tezi). Hacettepe Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Vaczi M., Tollar J., Meszler B., Juhasz I., Karsai I. (2013). Short-Term High Intensity Plyometric Training Program Improves Strength, Power and Agility in Male Soccer Players. Journal of Human Kinetics volume, 36,17-26
  • Vierck, CJ., Staud, R., Price, DD., Cannon, RL., Mauderli, AP, Martin, AD. (2001). The effect of maximal exercise on temporal summation of second pain (windup) in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome. The Journal of Pain, 2, 334-344. Villemure, C., Bushnell, CM. (2002). Cognitive modulation of pain: how do attention and emotion influence pain processing? Pain, 95, 195-199. Yılmaz, Y., Hekim, M., Tokgöz, M., Zengin, S., Ulukan, H., Kaya, E. (2016). Plyometric exercising of athletes at adolescence period. Journal of Human Sciences, 3, 5602-5612. Ylinen, J., Takala, EP., Kautiainen, H., Nykänen, M., Häkkinen, A., Pohjolainen, T., & Airaksinen, O. (2005). Effect of long-term neck muscle training on pressure pain threshold: A randomized controlled trial. European Journal of Pain, 9, 673-673.
Toplam 83 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Bölüm Hareket ve Antrenman Bilimleri
Yazarlar

Ömer Pamuk

Yaşar Gül Özkaya Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Aralık 2017
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2017 Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Pamuk, Ö., & Özkaya, Y. G. (2017). 15-17 Yaş Erkek Basketbolculara Uygulanan Dirençli Pliometrik Antrenmanların Sprint ve Çeviklik Performansına Etkisi. Sportif Performans Araştırmaları Dergisi, 1(1), 1-13.
AMA Pamuk Ö, Özkaya YG. 15-17 Yaş Erkek Basketbolculara Uygulanan Dirençli Pliometrik Antrenmanların Sprint ve Çeviklik Performansına Etkisi. SPAD. Aralık 2017;1(1):1-13.
Chicago Pamuk, Ömer, ve Yaşar Gül Özkaya. “15-17 Yaş Erkek Basketbolculara Uygulanan Dirençli Pliometrik Antrenmanların Sprint Ve Çeviklik Performansına Etkisi”. Sportif Performans Araştırmaları Dergisi 1, sy. 1 (Aralık 2017): 1-13.
EndNote Pamuk Ö, Özkaya YG (01 Aralık 2017) 15-17 Yaş Erkek Basketbolculara Uygulanan Dirençli Pliometrik Antrenmanların Sprint ve Çeviklik Performansına Etkisi. Sportif Performans Araştırmaları Dergisi 1 1 1–13.
IEEE Ö. Pamuk ve Y. G. Özkaya, “15-17 Yaş Erkek Basketbolculara Uygulanan Dirençli Pliometrik Antrenmanların Sprint ve Çeviklik Performansına Etkisi”, SPAD, c. 1, sy. 1, ss. 1–13, 2017.
ISNAD Pamuk, Ömer - Özkaya, Yaşar Gül. “15-17 Yaş Erkek Basketbolculara Uygulanan Dirençli Pliometrik Antrenmanların Sprint Ve Çeviklik Performansına Etkisi”. Sportif Performans Araştırmaları Dergisi 1/1 (Aralık 2017), 1-13.
JAMA Pamuk Ö, Özkaya YG. 15-17 Yaş Erkek Basketbolculara Uygulanan Dirençli Pliometrik Antrenmanların Sprint ve Çeviklik Performansına Etkisi. SPAD. 2017;1:1–13.
MLA Pamuk, Ömer ve Yaşar Gül Özkaya. “15-17 Yaş Erkek Basketbolculara Uygulanan Dirençli Pliometrik Antrenmanların Sprint Ve Çeviklik Performansına Etkisi”. Sportif Performans Araştırmaları Dergisi, c. 1, sy. 1, 2017, ss. 1-13.
Vancouver Pamuk Ö, Özkaya YG. 15-17 Yaş Erkek Basketbolculara Uygulanan Dirençli Pliometrik Antrenmanların Sprint ve Çeviklik Performansına Etkisi. SPAD. 2017;1(1):1-13.
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