Research Article
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EXAMINING THE EMOTIONAL LABOR BEHAVIORS OF TRAINERS: THE CASE OF ERZURUM PROVINCE

Year 2023, Volume: 12 Issue: 4, 751 - 758, 20.10.2023

Kübra Özdemir Talha Murathan

https://doi.org/10.22282/tojras.1311470

Abstract

The profession of coaching is an important task as they are always together and guiding individuals who do sports at amateur and professional level. A coach is a person who requires expertise and follows the developments in his field. Emotional labor is; It expresses the feelings and thoughts that an individual feels at work. The aim of this research is to examine the emotional labor of the trainers working in the Provincial Directorate of Youth and Sports in terms of various variables and to determine whether there are significant differences between them.
The sample of this research, in which descriptive scanning model was used, consisted of trainers working in Erzurum Provincial Directorate of Youth and Sports. "Personal Information Form" created by the researcher and Emotional Labor Scale (DES) developed by Basım and Bengibaş (2012) were used to collect data in the research. SPSS 21.0 package program was used in the analysis of the data, and the significance value was accepted as 0.05. In the evaluation of the data, number, percentage, mean and standard deviation were applied as descriptive statistical methods. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that the data were not normally distributed and Mann Whitney U-test was used for pairwise comparisons and Kruskal Wallis H-test was used for more than two comparisons. According to the findings of our research, although there is no statistically significant difference in the comparison made according to some demographic variables, it can be said that men spend more emotional labor than women. Likewise, although there is no statistically significant difference between single participants and married people, it can be said that single participants spend more emotional labor.

Keywords

Coach emotionallLabor provincial directorate of youth and sports.

References

  • Alpar, R. (2001). Spor bilimlerinde uygulamalı istatistik. Nobel Yayın Dağıtım, Ankara.
  • Arnold, R., Fletcher. D. & Daniels. K. (2013). Development and validation of the organizational stressor indicator for sport performers (OSI-SP). Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology. 35 (2). 180–196.
  • Ashforth, B. & Humphrey. R. (1993). Emotional labor in service roles: The influence of identity. Acad. Manag. Rev. 18. 88–115.
  • Basım, H. N. & Beğenirbaş. M. (2012). Çalışma yaşamında duygusal emek: bir ölçek uyarlama çalışması. Yönetim ve Ekonomi Dergisi. 19 (1). 77-90.
  • Aktürk, S. & Yazıcı. A. G. (2020). 17-25 yaş grubu gençlerde düzenli tenis çalışmalarının bazı fiziksel ve motorik özelliklere etkisinin araştırılması. Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi. 22 (2). 4-20.
  • Bolat, K. (2021). Bireysel ve takım sporu çalıştıran antrenörlerin duygusal emek, tükenmişlik ve iş tatminlerinin incelenmesi. Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Anabilim Dalı. Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü. Kahramanmaraş.
  • Certel, Z., Alkış. A. & Gürpınar. B. (2018). Antrenörlerin mesleki etik ilkelere uyma düzeylerinin antrenör ve sporcu gözüyle değerlendirilmesi. Mediterranean Journal Of Humanities. 2: 223-231.
  • Choi, Y. G. & Kim. K. S. (2015). A literature review of emotional labor and emotional labor strategies. Univ. J. Manag. 3. 283–290.
  • Çakmak, Y. E. (2018). Stratejik liderlik ve duygusal emek arasındaki ilişki: Ardahan ili okul yöneticileri örneği. Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Ardahan Üniversitesi. Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü. Ardahan.
  • DeFreese, J. & Smith. A. L. (2014). Athlete social support. negative social interactions. and psychological health across a competitive sport season. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology. 36(6). 619–630.
  • Dükel, D. (2021). Cimnastik antrenörlerinde mesleki yeterlik. Duygusal emek ve tükenmişlik duygusunun bazı değişkenler açısından incelenmesi. Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Anabilim Dalı. Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Mersin Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü. Mersin.
  • Fletcher, D., Hanton. S. & Mellalieu. S. D. (2006). A competitive anxiety review: Recent Directions In Sport Psychology Research. In S. Hanton ve S. D. Mellalieu (Editörler.). Literature reviews in sport psychology (s. 321– 373). Hauppauge. NY: Nova Science.
  • Grandey, A. A. (2003). When “the show must go on”: Surface acting and deep acting as determinants of emotional exhaustion and peer related service delivery. Acad. Manag. J.. 46. 86–96.
  • Grandey. A. A. & Gabriel. A. S. (2015). Emotional labor at a crossroads: Where do we go from here? Ann. Rev. Organ. Psychol. Organ. Behav. 2. 323–349.
  • Güler, H. & Marşap. A. (2018). Duygusal emek. Tükenmişlik ve işten ayrılma niyeti: cinsiyet ve iş deneyimine göre farklılıkların incelenmesi''. İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi.10/3 488- 507.
  • Güllü, S. & Şahin. S. (2019). Antrenörlerde duygusal emek ve tükenmişlik ilişkisinin incelenmesi. Uluslararası Toplum Araştırmaları Dergisi. 17/10. 331-354.
  • Hings, R. F., Wagstaff. C. R. D., Thelwell. R. C., Gilmore. S. & Anderson. V. (2018). Emotional labor and professional practice in sports medicine and science practitioners. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports. 28(2). 704–716.
  • Hochschild, A. R. (1983). The managed heart. Berkeley. CA. USA: University of California Press.
  • Isoard-Gautheur, S., Trouilloud. D., Gustafsson. H. & Guillet-Descas. E. (2016). Associations between the perceived quality of the coach–Athlete relationship and athlete burnout: An examination of the mediating role of achievement goals. Psychology of Sport and Exercise. 22. 210–217.
  • Jowett, S. (2007). Interdependence analysis and the 3 + 1Cs in the coach–athlete relationship. In S. Jowett ve D. Lavallee (Editörler). Social psychology in sport (pp. 63–77). Champaign. IL: Human Kinetics.
  • Jowett, S. & Cockerill. I. M. (2002). Olympic medalists perspective of the coach-athlete relationship. Psychology of Sport and Exercise. 4. 313–331.
  • Jowett, S. & Meek. G. A. (2000). The coach–athlete relationship in married couples: An exploratory content analysis. The Sport Psychologist. 14. 157–175.
  • Karasar, N. (1999). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemi-kavramlar ilkeler teknikler. Ankara: Nobel Yayıncılık.
  • Kelley, H. H. & Thibaut. J. W. (1978). Interpersonal relations: a theory of ınterdependence. New York. NY: Wiley.
  • Kiesler, D. J. (1983). The 1982 interpersonal circle: A taxonomy for complementarity in human transactions. Psychological Review. 90. 185–214.
  • Koku, F. E. (2015) Sportif performansın genetik ile ilişkisi. Spor Hekimliği Dergisi. Volume. 50. Issue 1.
  • Konter, E. (1996). Bir lider olarak antrenör. İstanbul: Alfa Basım.
  • Lee, Y. H., Chelladurai. P. & Kim. Y. (2015). Emotional labor in sports coaching: Development of a model. Int. J. Sports Sci. Coach. 10. 561–575.
  • MacDonald, L. A. & Minahan. C. L. (2016). Indices of cognitive function measured in rugby union players using a computer-based test battery. Journal of Sports Sciences. 34(17) 1–6.
  • Mageau, G. A. & Vallerand. R. J. (2003). The coach–athlete relationship: A motivational model. Journal of Sports Sciences. 21. 883–904.
  • Murathan, T. (2018). Spor bilimlerinde bilgisayar destekli eğitim algısı. O. Kaya (Editör). Ankara: Nobel Yayınevi.
  • Murathan, T. & Kaya. O. (2016). Evaluation of sports trainers perceptions on computer aided education related to the attitudes toward learning. Universal Journal of Educational Research. 4(2). 416-421.
  • Nicholls, A. R., Levy. A. R., Jones. L., Meir. R., Radcliffe. J. N. & Perry. J. L. (2016). Committed relationships and enhanced threat levels: Perceptions of coach behavior. the coach–Athlete relationship. stress appraisals. and coping among athletes. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching. 11(1). 16–26.
  • Olusoga, P., Butt. J., Hays. K. & Maynard. I. W. (2009). Stress in elite sports coaching: identifying stressors. J. Appl. Sport Psychol... 21. 442–459.
  • Poczwardowski, A., Barott. J. E. & Jowett. S. (2006). Diversifying approaches to research on athlete–coach relationships. Psychology of Sport and Exercise. 7. 125–142.
  • Poczwardowski, A., Barrott. J. E. & Henschen. K. P. (2002). The athlete and coach: Their relationship and its meaning. International Journal of Sport Psychology. 33. 116–140.
  • Shepherd. D. J., Lee. B. & Kerr. J. H. (2006). Reversal theory: A suggested way forward for an improved understanding of interpersonal relationships in sport. Psychology of Sport and Exercise. 7. 143–157.
  • Vanek, M. (1971). The coaches’ role and attitutes proceedings of ınternational symposium on the art and science of coaching. Canada.
  • Wagstaff, C. R. D., Fletcher. D. & Hanton. S. (2012). Exploring emotion abilities and regulation strategies in sport organizations. Sport. Exercise. and Performance Psychology. 1(4). 268–282.
  • Wylleman, P. (2000). Interpersonal relationships in sport: Uncharted territory in sport psychology research. International Journal of Sport Psychology. 31. 55–65.

ANTRENÖRLERİN DUYGUSAL EMEK DAVRANIŞLARININ İNCELENMESİ: ERZURUM İLİ ÖRNEĞİ

Year 2023, Volume: 12 Issue: 4, 751 - 758, 20.10.2023

Kübra Özdemir Talha Murathan

https://doi.org/10.22282/tojras.1311470

Abstract

References

  • Alpar, R. (2001). Spor bilimlerinde uygulamalı istatistik. Nobel Yayın Dağıtım, Ankara.
  • Arnold, R., Fletcher. D. & Daniels. K. (2013). Development and validation of the organizational stressor indicator for sport performers (OSI-SP). Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology. 35 (2). 180–196.
  • Ashforth, B. & Humphrey. R. (1993). Emotional labor in service roles: The influence of identity. Acad. Manag. Rev. 18. 88–115.
  • Basım, H. N. & Beğenirbaş. M. (2012). Çalışma yaşamında duygusal emek: bir ölçek uyarlama çalışması. Yönetim ve Ekonomi Dergisi. 19 (1). 77-90.
  • Aktürk, S. & Yazıcı. A. G. (2020). 17-25 yaş grubu gençlerde düzenli tenis çalışmalarının bazı fiziksel ve motorik özelliklere etkisinin araştırılması. Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi. 22 (2). 4-20.
  • Bolat, K. (2021). Bireysel ve takım sporu çalıştıran antrenörlerin duygusal emek, tükenmişlik ve iş tatminlerinin incelenmesi. Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Anabilim Dalı. Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü. Kahramanmaraş.
  • Certel, Z., Alkış. A. & Gürpınar. B. (2018). Antrenörlerin mesleki etik ilkelere uyma düzeylerinin antrenör ve sporcu gözüyle değerlendirilmesi. Mediterranean Journal Of Humanities. 2: 223-231.
  • Choi, Y. G. & Kim. K. S. (2015). A literature review of emotional labor and emotional labor strategies. Univ. J. Manag. 3. 283–290.
  • Çakmak, Y. E. (2018). Stratejik liderlik ve duygusal emek arasındaki ilişki: Ardahan ili okul yöneticileri örneği. Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Ardahan Üniversitesi. Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü. Ardahan.
  • DeFreese, J. & Smith. A. L. (2014). Athlete social support. negative social interactions. and psychological health across a competitive sport season. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology. 36(6). 619–630.
  • Dükel, D. (2021). Cimnastik antrenörlerinde mesleki yeterlik. Duygusal emek ve tükenmişlik duygusunun bazı değişkenler açısından incelenmesi. Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Anabilim Dalı. Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Mersin Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü. Mersin.
  • Fletcher, D., Hanton. S. & Mellalieu. S. D. (2006). A competitive anxiety review: Recent Directions In Sport Psychology Research. In S. Hanton ve S. D. Mellalieu (Editörler.). Literature reviews in sport psychology (s. 321– 373). Hauppauge. NY: Nova Science.
  • Grandey, A. A. (2003). When “the show must go on”: Surface acting and deep acting as determinants of emotional exhaustion and peer related service delivery. Acad. Manag. J.. 46. 86–96.
  • Grandey. A. A. & Gabriel. A. S. (2015). Emotional labor at a crossroads: Where do we go from here? Ann. Rev. Organ. Psychol. Organ. Behav. 2. 323–349.
  • Güler, H. & Marşap. A. (2018). Duygusal emek. Tükenmişlik ve işten ayrılma niyeti: cinsiyet ve iş deneyimine göre farklılıkların incelenmesi''. İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi.10/3 488- 507.
  • Güllü, S. & Şahin. S. (2019). Antrenörlerde duygusal emek ve tükenmişlik ilişkisinin incelenmesi. Uluslararası Toplum Araştırmaları Dergisi. 17/10. 331-354.
  • Hings, R. F., Wagstaff. C. R. D., Thelwell. R. C., Gilmore. S. & Anderson. V. (2018). Emotional labor and professional practice in sports medicine and science practitioners. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports. 28(2). 704–716.
  • Hochschild, A. R. (1983). The managed heart. Berkeley. CA. USA: University of California Press.
  • Isoard-Gautheur, S., Trouilloud. D., Gustafsson. H. & Guillet-Descas. E. (2016). Associations between the perceived quality of the coach–Athlete relationship and athlete burnout: An examination of the mediating role of achievement goals. Psychology of Sport and Exercise. 22. 210–217.
  • Jowett, S. (2007). Interdependence analysis and the 3 + 1Cs in the coach–athlete relationship. In S. Jowett ve D. Lavallee (Editörler). Social psychology in sport (pp. 63–77). Champaign. IL: Human Kinetics.
  • Jowett, S. & Cockerill. I. M. (2002). Olympic medalists perspective of the coach-athlete relationship. Psychology of Sport and Exercise. 4. 313–331.
  • Jowett, S. & Meek. G. A. (2000). The coach–athlete relationship in married couples: An exploratory content analysis. The Sport Psychologist. 14. 157–175.
  • Karasar, N. (1999). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemi-kavramlar ilkeler teknikler. Ankara: Nobel Yayıncılık.
  • Kelley, H. H. & Thibaut. J. W. (1978). Interpersonal relations: a theory of ınterdependence. New York. NY: Wiley.
  • Kiesler, D. J. (1983). The 1982 interpersonal circle: A taxonomy for complementarity in human transactions. Psychological Review. 90. 185–214.
  • Koku, F. E. (2015) Sportif performansın genetik ile ilişkisi. Spor Hekimliği Dergisi. Volume. 50. Issue 1.
  • Konter, E. (1996). Bir lider olarak antrenör. İstanbul: Alfa Basım.
  • Lee, Y. H., Chelladurai. P. & Kim. Y. (2015). Emotional labor in sports coaching: Development of a model. Int. J. Sports Sci. Coach. 10. 561–575.
  • MacDonald, L. A. & Minahan. C. L. (2016). Indices of cognitive function measured in rugby union players using a computer-based test battery. Journal of Sports Sciences. 34(17) 1–6.
  • Mageau, G. A. & Vallerand. R. J. (2003). The coach–athlete relationship: A motivational model. Journal of Sports Sciences. 21. 883–904.
  • Murathan, T. (2018). Spor bilimlerinde bilgisayar destekli eğitim algısı. O. Kaya (Editör). Ankara: Nobel Yayınevi.
  • Murathan, T. & Kaya. O. (2016). Evaluation of sports trainers perceptions on computer aided education related to the attitudes toward learning. Universal Journal of Educational Research. 4(2). 416-421.
  • Nicholls, A. R., Levy. A. R., Jones. L., Meir. R., Radcliffe. J. N. & Perry. J. L. (2016). Committed relationships and enhanced threat levels: Perceptions of coach behavior. the coach–Athlete relationship. stress appraisals. and coping among athletes. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching. 11(1). 16–26.
  • Olusoga, P., Butt. J., Hays. K. & Maynard. I. W. (2009). Stress in elite sports coaching: identifying stressors. J. Appl. Sport Psychol... 21. 442–459.
  • Poczwardowski, A., Barott. J. E. & Jowett. S. (2006). Diversifying approaches to research on athlete–coach relationships. Psychology of Sport and Exercise. 7. 125–142.
  • Poczwardowski, A., Barrott. J. E. & Henschen. K. P. (2002). The athlete and coach: Their relationship and its meaning. International Journal of Sport Psychology. 33. 116–140.
  • Shepherd. D. J., Lee. B. & Kerr. J. H. (2006). Reversal theory: A suggested way forward for an improved understanding of interpersonal relationships in sport. Psychology of Sport and Exercise. 7. 143–157.
  • Vanek, M. (1971). The coaches’ role and attitutes proceedings of ınternational symposium on the art and science of coaching. Canada.
  • Wagstaff, C. R. D., Fletcher. D. & Hanton. S. (2012). Exploring emotion abilities and regulation strategies in sport organizations. Sport. Exercise. and Performance Psychology. 1(4). 268–282.
  • Wylleman, P. (2000). Interpersonal relationships in sport: Uncharted territory in sport psychology research. International Journal of Sport Psychology. 31. 55–65.
There are 40 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Sports Activity Management, Sports Science and Exercise (Other)
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Kübra Özdemir 0000-0003-1576-2131

Talha Murathan 0000-0002-9837-3707

Publication Date October 20, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 12 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Özdemir, K., & Murathan, T. (2023). EXAMINING THE EMOTIONAL LABOR BEHAVIORS OF TRAINERS: THE CASE OF ERZURUM PROVINCE. The Online Journal of Recreation and Sports, 12(4), 751-758. https://doi.org/10.22282/tojras.1311470
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