Research Article
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The History of Survey Sampling

Year 2011, Volume: 8 Issue: 3, 54 - 74, 15.12.2011

Abstract

Survey sampling might have different roots, which include various activities in fields such as agriculture, public administration and social studies. Collection of large data sets for public administration and social studies provided great opportunities for the improvement of sampling methods. In this study, the historical progress of survey sampling that leads us to random sampling methods are summarized. Although sampling theory and applications constitute a separate and important branch in statistical sciences, it was definitely not the case in the beginning. The roots of survey sampling lie in official statistics and social statistics, rather than probability theory and experimental design. Especially political arithmetic is the primary activity that leads sampling to modern sampling theory. However, sampling is counted as an important branch of statistical science after probability theory has become an important element of sampling theory. In this study, the period between social statistics and modern sampling theory, especially 1895-1934 era and Kiaer, Bowley, and Neyman milestones, are examined in detail.

References

  • Aldrich, J., 2008. Professor A.L.Bowley’s Theory of the Representative Method. Based on a Talk Given at the Sample Surveys and Bayesian Statistics Conference.
  • Ayhan, H. Ö., 2005. Sample Adjustment Weights for Internet Surveys: Restricted Access versus Voluntary Participation in Recent Developments and Applications in Social Research Methodology (Dijkum C., J Blasius & C Durand, eds.). Leverkusen-Opladen, Germany.
  • Ayhan, H. Ö., Ekni, S., 2003. Coverage Error in Population Censuses: The case of Turkey. Survey Methodology, 29, 155-165.
  • Ayhan, H. Ö., 2000. Estimators of Vital Events in Dual-Record Systems. Journal of Applied Statistics, 27, 157-169.
  • Ayhan, H. Ö., 2003. Models of Response Error Components in Supervised Interview Reinterview Surveys. Journal of Applied Statistics, 30, 1047 – 1054.
  • Ayhan, H. Ö., Islam M. Q., 2005. Sample Design and Allocation for Random Digit Dialling. Quality & Quantity, 39, 625 - 641.
  • Ayhan, H. Ö., Işıksal, S. 2004. Memory Recall Errors in Retrospective Surveys: A Reverse Record Check Study. Quality & Quantity, 38, 475–493.
  • Bacaer, N., 2011. A Short History of Mathematical Population Dynamics. Springer, London.
  • Beaud, J. P., Prévost J. G., 1998. The Politics of Measurable Precision: The Emergence of Sampling Techniques in Canada's Dominion Bureau of Statistics. Canadian Historical Review, 79(4), 691–725.
  • Bellhouse, D. R., 1988. A Brief History of Random Sampling Methods, Handbook of Statistics. Elsevier Science Publishers B. V., 6, 1-14.
  • Bethlehem, J., 2009. The Rise of Survey Sampling. Statistics Netherlands, Discussion Paper (09015), Heerlen.
  • Biemer, P. P., Lyberg, L. L., 2003. Introduction to Survey Quality. John Wiley and Sons Publication, USA.
  • Bowley, A. L., 1906. Address to the Economic Science and Statistics Section of British Association for the Advancement of Science, York, 1906. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, 69(3), 540-558.
  • Bowley, A. L., Burnett Hurst A. R., 1915. Livelihood and Poverty. G. Bell and Sons Ltd, London.
  • Brunt, L., 2001. The Advent of the Sample Survey in the Social Science. The Statistician, 50(2), 179–189.
  • Desrosieres A., 2002. Three Studies on the History of Sampling Surveys: Norway, Russia-USSR, United States. Science in Context, 15(3), 377–383.
  • Fisher, R. A., 1936. The Coefficient of Racial Likeness and the Future of Craniometry. The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, 66, 57-63.
  • Graunt, J., 1662. Natural and Political Observations upon the Bills of Mortality. Martyn, London.
  • Gupta, A., 2009. Bright Sparks: Inspiring Indian Scientists from the Past. Indian National Science Academy.
  • Hansen M. H., 1987. Some History and Reminiscences on Survey Sampling. Statistical Science, 2(2), 180–190.
  • Hansen, M. H., Hurwitz, W. N., 1943. On the Theory of Sampling from Finite Populations. Annals of Mathematical Statistics, 14, 333–362.
  • Heyde, C. C., Seneta, E., Crepel, P., Fienberg, S. E., Gani, J., 2001. Statisticians of the Centuries. Springer Verlag, New York.
  • Hilton, J., 1928. Some Further Enquires by Sample. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, 91(4), 519–540.
  • Horvitz, D. G., Thompson, D. J., 1952. A Generalization of Sampling without Replacement from a Finite Universe. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 47, 663–685.
  • Isserlis, L., 1918. On the Value of a Mean as Calculated from a Sample. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. 81, 75–81.
  • Jensen, A., 1926a. Report on the Representative Method in Statistics. Bulletin of the International Statistical Institute. 22 (1), 359–380.
  • Jensen, A., 1926 b. The Representative Method in Practice. Bulletin of the International Statistical Institute. 22 (1), 381–439.
  • Jessen, R. J., 1942. Statistical Investigation of a Sample Survey for Obtaining Farm Facts. Agricultural Experiment Station Iowa State College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts, 304, Ames, Iowa.
  • Kadılar, C., Çıngı, H., 2003. Ratio Estimators in Stratified Random Sampling. Biometrical Journal, 2, 218-225.
  • Kadılar, C., Çıngı, H., 2004. Ratio Estimators in Simple Random Sampling. Applied Mathematics and Computation, 151, 893 - 902.
  • Kadılar, C., Çıngı, H., 2005. A New Estimator Using Two Auxiliary Variables. Applied Mathematics and Computation, 162, 901-908.
  • Kadılar, C., Çıngı, H., 2006a. Improvement in Estimating the Population Mean in Simple Random Sampling, Applied Mathematics Letters, 19, 75 – 79.
  • Kadılar, C., Çıngı, H., 2006b. Ratio Estimators for The Population Variance In Simple and Stratified Random Sampling, Applied Mathematics and Computation, 173, 1047 –1059.
  • Kadılar, C., Çıngı, H., 2007. Improvement in Variance Estimation in Simple Random Sampling, Communications in Statistics, 36, 2075 - 2081.
  • Kadılar, C., Çıngı, H., 2008. Estimators for the Population Mean in the Case of Missing Data, Communications in Statistics, 37, 2226 - 2236.
  • Kiaer, A. N., 1897. The Representative Method of Statistical Surveys (1976, English Translation of the Original Norwegion). Central Burea of Statistics of Norway, Oslo.
  • Kiaer, A. N., 1899. Sur Les Methodes Represantatives Ou Typologiques Appliquees A La Statistique.11. 1-180.
  • Koyuncu, N., Kadılar C., 2009a. Ratio and Product Estimators in Stratified Random Sampling, Journal of Statistical Planning and Inference, 139, 2552-2558.
  • Koyuncu, N., Kadılar C., 2009b. Family of Estimators of Population Mean Using Two Auxiliary Variables in Stratified Random Sampling, Communications in Statistics-Theory and Methods, 38, 2398–2417.
  • Koyuncu, N., Kadılar C., 2010. On Improvement in Estimating Population Mean in Stratified Random Sampling, Journal of Applied Statistics, 37, 999-1013.
  • Kruskal, W., Mosteller, F., 1980. Representative Sampling, IV: The History of the Concept in Statistics, 1895-1939. International Statistical Review, .48(2), 169-195.
  • Malthus, T. R., 1798. An Essay on the Principle of Population. Printed for J.Johnson in St.Paul’s Church Yard, London.
  • Mespoulet, M., 2002. From Typical Areas to Random Sampling: Sampling Methods in Russia From 1875 To 1930. Science in Context, 15(3), 411-425.
  • Middle East Technical University, 2011, http://www.stat.metu.edu.tr/people/faculty/oztas.
  • Neyman, J., 1934. On the Two Different Aspects of the Representative Method: The Method of Stratified Sampling and the Method of Purposive Selection. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, 97(4), 558–625.
  • Neyman, J., 1938. Contribution to the Theory of Sampling Human Populations. American Statistical Association, 33(201), 101–116.
  • Pfeffermann D., Rao. C. R., 2009. Handbook of Statistics 29, Elsevier, Hungary.
  • Seneta, E., 1985. A Sketch of the History of Survey Sampling in Russia. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, 148(2), 118–125.
  • Seng, Y. P., 1951. Historical Survey of the Development of Sampling Theories and Practice. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Series A, 114(2), 214–231.
  • Som, R. K., 1998. P. V. Sukhatme’s Contributions to Survey Sampling. Journal of the Indian Society of Agricultural Statistics, 51(2&3), 257–264.
  • The Encyclopedia Sponsored by Statistics and Probability Societies, 2011, Statprob. http://statprob.com/encyclopedia/AndersNicolaiKIAER.html.
  • Stephan, F. F., 1948. History of the Uses of Modern Sampling Procedures. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 43(241), 12–39.
  • Thomsen, I., Zhang, L. C., 2012. A Prediction Approach to Representative Sampling, http://www.stats.gov.cn.
  • Zarkovich, S. S., 1962. A Supplement to “Note on the History of Sampling Methods in Russia”, Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Series A., 125(4), 580-582.
  • Zarkovich, S.S., 1956. Note on the History of Sampling Methods in Russia. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Series A., 119(3), 336-338.

Örneklemeye Dayalı Araştırmaların Tarihçesi

Year 2011, Volume: 8 Issue: 3, 54 - 74, 15.12.2011

Abstract

Örneklemeye dayalı araştırmaların geçmişi tarım, kamu yönetimi ve sosyal araştırmalar gibi birçok alanda çeşitli faaliyetlere dayanmaktadır. Kamu yönetimi ve sosyal araştırmalarda hükümetler ve bireysel araştırmacılar tarafından büyük veri setlerinin toplanmasının rastsal örnekleme yöntemlerinin gelişimine büyük bir katkısı olmuştur. Bu çalışmada da örneklemeye dayalı araştırmaların bizi rastsal örnekleme yöntemlerine götüren tarihsel gelişim süreci özetlenmektedir. Örnekleme teorisi ve uygulamaları bugün modern istatistik biliminde ayrı ve büyük bir dal haline gelmesine rağmen başlarda durum kesinlikle bu değildir. Örneklemeye dayalı araştırmaların kökleri olasılık teorisi ve deney tasarımındansa daha çok resmi istatistik ve sosyal istatistiklere dayanmaktadır. Özellikle politik aritmetik örneklemeyi modern örnekleme teorisine götüren önemli öncül faaliyetlerdir. Bununla birlikte olasılık teorisi örnekleme teorisinin önemli bir bileşeni haline geldikten sonra örneklemeye istatistik biliminin önemli bir dalı olarak bakılmaya başlanmıştır. Bu çalışmada sosyal istatistiklerin elde edilmesinden günümüz modern örnekleme teorisine kadar olan süreç, özellikle örnekleme araştırmalarının gelişimi için büyük önem taşıyan 1895-1934 dönemi ve Kiaer, Bowley ve Neyman dönüm noktaları detaylı olarak incelenmiştir.

References

  • Aldrich, J., 2008. Professor A.L.Bowley’s Theory of the Representative Method. Based on a Talk Given at the Sample Surveys and Bayesian Statistics Conference.
  • Ayhan, H. Ö., 2005. Sample Adjustment Weights for Internet Surveys: Restricted Access versus Voluntary Participation in Recent Developments and Applications in Social Research Methodology (Dijkum C., J Blasius & C Durand, eds.). Leverkusen-Opladen, Germany.
  • Ayhan, H. Ö., Ekni, S., 2003. Coverage Error in Population Censuses: The case of Turkey. Survey Methodology, 29, 155-165.
  • Ayhan, H. Ö., 2000. Estimators of Vital Events in Dual-Record Systems. Journal of Applied Statistics, 27, 157-169.
  • Ayhan, H. Ö., 2003. Models of Response Error Components in Supervised Interview Reinterview Surveys. Journal of Applied Statistics, 30, 1047 – 1054.
  • Ayhan, H. Ö., Islam M. Q., 2005. Sample Design and Allocation for Random Digit Dialling. Quality & Quantity, 39, 625 - 641.
  • Ayhan, H. Ö., Işıksal, S. 2004. Memory Recall Errors in Retrospective Surveys: A Reverse Record Check Study. Quality & Quantity, 38, 475–493.
  • Bacaer, N., 2011. A Short History of Mathematical Population Dynamics. Springer, London.
  • Beaud, J. P., Prévost J. G., 1998. The Politics of Measurable Precision: The Emergence of Sampling Techniques in Canada's Dominion Bureau of Statistics. Canadian Historical Review, 79(4), 691–725.
  • Bellhouse, D. R., 1988. A Brief History of Random Sampling Methods, Handbook of Statistics. Elsevier Science Publishers B. V., 6, 1-14.
  • Bethlehem, J., 2009. The Rise of Survey Sampling. Statistics Netherlands, Discussion Paper (09015), Heerlen.
  • Biemer, P. P., Lyberg, L. L., 2003. Introduction to Survey Quality. John Wiley and Sons Publication, USA.
  • Bowley, A. L., 1906. Address to the Economic Science and Statistics Section of British Association for the Advancement of Science, York, 1906. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, 69(3), 540-558.
  • Bowley, A. L., Burnett Hurst A. R., 1915. Livelihood and Poverty. G. Bell and Sons Ltd, London.
  • Brunt, L., 2001. The Advent of the Sample Survey in the Social Science. The Statistician, 50(2), 179–189.
  • Desrosieres A., 2002. Three Studies on the History of Sampling Surveys: Norway, Russia-USSR, United States. Science in Context, 15(3), 377–383.
  • Fisher, R. A., 1936. The Coefficient of Racial Likeness and the Future of Craniometry. The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, 66, 57-63.
  • Graunt, J., 1662. Natural and Political Observations upon the Bills of Mortality. Martyn, London.
  • Gupta, A., 2009. Bright Sparks: Inspiring Indian Scientists from the Past. Indian National Science Academy.
  • Hansen M. H., 1987. Some History and Reminiscences on Survey Sampling. Statistical Science, 2(2), 180–190.
  • Hansen, M. H., Hurwitz, W. N., 1943. On the Theory of Sampling from Finite Populations. Annals of Mathematical Statistics, 14, 333–362.
  • Heyde, C. C., Seneta, E., Crepel, P., Fienberg, S. E., Gani, J., 2001. Statisticians of the Centuries. Springer Verlag, New York.
  • Hilton, J., 1928. Some Further Enquires by Sample. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, 91(4), 519–540.
  • Horvitz, D. G., Thompson, D. J., 1952. A Generalization of Sampling without Replacement from a Finite Universe. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 47, 663–685.
  • Isserlis, L., 1918. On the Value of a Mean as Calculated from a Sample. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. 81, 75–81.
  • Jensen, A., 1926a. Report on the Representative Method in Statistics. Bulletin of the International Statistical Institute. 22 (1), 359–380.
  • Jensen, A., 1926 b. The Representative Method in Practice. Bulletin of the International Statistical Institute. 22 (1), 381–439.
  • Jessen, R. J., 1942. Statistical Investigation of a Sample Survey for Obtaining Farm Facts. Agricultural Experiment Station Iowa State College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts, 304, Ames, Iowa.
  • Kadılar, C., Çıngı, H., 2003. Ratio Estimators in Stratified Random Sampling. Biometrical Journal, 2, 218-225.
  • Kadılar, C., Çıngı, H., 2004. Ratio Estimators in Simple Random Sampling. Applied Mathematics and Computation, 151, 893 - 902.
  • Kadılar, C., Çıngı, H., 2005. A New Estimator Using Two Auxiliary Variables. Applied Mathematics and Computation, 162, 901-908.
  • Kadılar, C., Çıngı, H., 2006a. Improvement in Estimating the Population Mean in Simple Random Sampling, Applied Mathematics Letters, 19, 75 – 79.
  • Kadılar, C., Çıngı, H., 2006b. Ratio Estimators for The Population Variance In Simple and Stratified Random Sampling, Applied Mathematics and Computation, 173, 1047 –1059.
  • Kadılar, C., Çıngı, H., 2007. Improvement in Variance Estimation in Simple Random Sampling, Communications in Statistics, 36, 2075 - 2081.
  • Kadılar, C., Çıngı, H., 2008. Estimators for the Population Mean in the Case of Missing Data, Communications in Statistics, 37, 2226 - 2236.
  • Kiaer, A. N., 1897. The Representative Method of Statistical Surveys (1976, English Translation of the Original Norwegion). Central Burea of Statistics of Norway, Oslo.
  • Kiaer, A. N., 1899. Sur Les Methodes Represantatives Ou Typologiques Appliquees A La Statistique.11. 1-180.
  • Koyuncu, N., Kadılar C., 2009a. Ratio and Product Estimators in Stratified Random Sampling, Journal of Statistical Planning and Inference, 139, 2552-2558.
  • Koyuncu, N., Kadılar C., 2009b. Family of Estimators of Population Mean Using Two Auxiliary Variables in Stratified Random Sampling, Communications in Statistics-Theory and Methods, 38, 2398–2417.
  • Koyuncu, N., Kadılar C., 2010. On Improvement in Estimating Population Mean in Stratified Random Sampling, Journal of Applied Statistics, 37, 999-1013.
  • Kruskal, W., Mosteller, F., 1980. Representative Sampling, IV: The History of the Concept in Statistics, 1895-1939. International Statistical Review, .48(2), 169-195.
  • Malthus, T. R., 1798. An Essay on the Principle of Population. Printed for J.Johnson in St.Paul’s Church Yard, London.
  • Mespoulet, M., 2002. From Typical Areas to Random Sampling: Sampling Methods in Russia From 1875 To 1930. Science in Context, 15(3), 411-425.
  • Middle East Technical University, 2011, http://www.stat.metu.edu.tr/people/faculty/oztas.
  • Neyman, J., 1934. On the Two Different Aspects of the Representative Method: The Method of Stratified Sampling and the Method of Purposive Selection. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, 97(4), 558–625.
  • Neyman, J., 1938. Contribution to the Theory of Sampling Human Populations. American Statistical Association, 33(201), 101–116.
  • Pfeffermann D., Rao. C. R., 2009. Handbook of Statistics 29, Elsevier, Hungary.
  • Seneta, E., 1985. A Sketch of the History of Survey Sampling in Russia. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, 148(2), 118–125.
  • Seng, Y. P., 1951. Historical Survey of the Development of Sampling Theories and Practice. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Series A, 114(2), 214–231.
  • Som, R. K., 1998. P. V. Sukhatme’s Contributions to Survey Sampling. Journal of the Indian Society of Agricultural Statistics, 51(2&3), 257–264.
  • The Encyclopedia Sponsored by Statistics and Probability Societies, 2011, Statprob. http://statprob.com/encyclopedia/AndersNicolaiKIAER.html.
  • Stephan, F. F., 1948. History of the Uses of Modern Sampling Procedures. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 43(241), 12–39.
  • Thomsen, I., Zhang, L. C., 2012. A Prediction Approach to Representative Sampling, http://www.stats.gov.cn.
  • Zarkovich, S. S., 1962. A Supplement to “Note on the History of Sampling Methods in Russia”, Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Series A., 125(4), 580-582.
  • Zarkovich, S.S., 1956. Note on the History of Sampling Methods in Russia. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Series A., 119(3), 336-338.
There are 55 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Economics, Statistics
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

İstem Köymen Keser

Publication Date December 15, 2011
Published in Issue Year 2011 Volume: 8 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Köymen Keser, İ. (2011). Örneklemeye Dayalı Araştırmaların Tarihçesi. İstatistik Araştırma Dergisi, 8(3), 54-74.