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THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FLIGHT OPERATIONS AND ORGANIZATIONS IN AIRCRAFT ACCIDENTS; THE APPLICATION OF THE HUMAN FACTOR ANALYSIS AND CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM

Year 2018, Volume: 19 Issue: 2, 316 - 333, 31.03.2018
https://doi.org/10.18038/aubtda.348219

Abstract

Aviation history is replete with lessons learned from
accidents. Aircraft accidents have greatly contributed to the formation of
aviation laws. Analysis conducted after accidents are the first steps taken for
the prevention of further accidents.

Accident
analyses are carried out by the countries'
accident investigation board where
the accident happened or the one where the airline is registered.
Several models are used in the analysis of accidents. One of these models, The Human Factors Analysis and
Classification System was put forward by Shappell and Wiegmann after examining more
than 2,000 accidents. This system is based on Reason's Swiss Cheese Model and,
therefore, also the Domino Theory. According to The Human Factors Analysis and
Classification System, the cause of accidents consists of 4 levels of factors
that affect each other. These are: organizational influences, unsafe
management, preconditions for unsafe acts and unsafe acts. Although an accident
may seem to be caused by unsafe acts, behind the accident there are many causes
extend from the managers to organizations. In this study, the databases of different
countries' accident investigation boards were studied and the official accident
reports of "planned and commercial" passenger flights were examined.
These reports were analyzed and coded according to the Human Factors Analysis
and Classification System.
As a
result, the size and scope of the relationships between organizational
influences and unsafe acts that led to the accidents were revealed. 

References

  • [1] Uslu S, Dönmez K. A Study on Changes of Cuses Aviation Accidents From Past to Present. 2016: 222-239.
  • [2] Wiegmann D, Shappell S. A Human Error Approach to Aviation Accident Analysis, Cornwall: MPG Books Ltd, 2003. pp 48.
  • [3] Villela B. Applying Human Factors Analysis and Classification System (HFACS) to Aviation Incidents in The Brasilian Navy. Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Florida, 2011.
  • [4] Shappell S, Wiegmann D. The Human Factors Analysis and Classification System–HFACS. U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Aviation Administration, Washington, 2000.
  • [5] Shappell S, Wiegmann D. Human Error Analysis of Commercial Aviation Accidents; Application of The Human Factor Analysis And Classification System. Aviation, Space and Enviromental Medicine, 2001.
  • [6] Shappell S, Wiegmann D. Human Factors Analysis and Classification System. Flight Safety Digest 2001: 15-28.
  • [7] Berry K. A Meta-Analysis of Human Factors Analysis and Classification System Causal Factors: Establishing Benchmarking Standards and Human Error Latent Failure Pathway Associations in Various Domains. TigerPrints, Clemson University, Clemson, 2010.
  • [8] Shappell S, Detwiler C, Holcomb K, Hackworth C, Boquet A, Wiegmann D. Human Error and Commercial Aviation Accidents: An Analysis Using the Human Factors Analysis and Classification System. Human Factors 2007: 227-242.
  • [9] Altun E. The Analysis of the Flight Crew Factors in Aviation Accidents and Suggestion a New Model. Gazi University, Institute of Science and Technology, Ankara, Turkey, 2009.
  • [10] Wiegmann D, Shappell S, A Human Error Approach to Aviation Accident Analysis. England, 2003.
  • [11] Liu S, Chi C, Li W. The Application of Human Factors Analysis and Classification System (HFACS) to Investigate Human Errors in Helicopter Accidents. Engineering Psychologyand and Cognitive Ergonomics, Taipei, 2013.
  • [12] Harris D, Li W. An extension of the Human Factors Analysis and Classification System for use in open systems. Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science 2010: 108-128.
  • [13] ATSB. Human factors analysis of Australian aviation accidents and comparison with the United States. Australian Transport Safety Bureau, Australia, 2007.
  • [14] Shappell S, Wiegmann D. Human Factors Analysis of Postaccident Data: Applying Theoretical Taxonomies of Human Error. The International Journal of Aviation Psychology, 1997: 61-87.
  • [15] Li W, Harris D. Pilot error and its relationship with higher organizational levels: HFACS analysis of 523 accidents. Aviation Space and Environmental Medicine, 2006, 77.10: 1056-1061.
  • [16] Olsen N, Shorrock S. Evaluation of the HFACS-ADF safety classification system: Inter-coder consensus and intra-coder consistency. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 2009, 42: 437-444.
  • [17] Shappell S, Wiegmann D. Applying The Human Factor Analysis and Classification Systems to the Analysis of Commercial Aviation Accident Data. In: 11th International Symposium on Aviation Psychology; 2001; Columbus, OH.
  • [18] Ting L, Dai D. The Identification of Human Errors Leading to Accidents for improving Aviation Safety. In: 14th International IEEE Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems, 2011; Washington, DC.
  • [19] Li W, Harris D, Yu C. Routes to failure: Analysis of 41 civil aviation accidents from the Republic of China using the human factors analysis and classification system. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 2008; 40: 426–434.
  • [20] Wiegmann D, Shappell S. A Human Error Analysis of Commercial Aviation Accidents Using the Human Factors Analysis and Classification System (HFACS). Virginia, ABD, Federal Aviation Administration, 2001.
  • [21] Lenné M, Ashby K, Fitzharris M. Analysis of General Aviation Crashes in Australia Using the Human Factors Analysis and Classification System. In: The International Journal of Aviation Psychology, 2008, pp. 340-352.
  • [22] Rashid J. Human Factors Effects in Helicopter Maintenance: Proactive Monitoring and Controlling Techniques. Cranfield: Cranfield University, 2010. [23] Çelik M, Çebi S. Analytical HFACS for investigating human errors in shipping accidents. Accident Analysis and Prevention 2009; 41: 66-75.
  • [24] Akyüz E, Çelik M. Utilisation of cognitive map in modelling human error in marine accident analysis and prevention. Safety Science 2014; 70: 19-28.
  • [25] Hinrichs J, Baldauf M, Ghirxi K. Accident investigation reporting deficiencies related to organizational factors in machinery space fires and explosions. Accident Analysis and Prevention 2011; 43: 1187-1196.
  • [26] Bilbro J, An Inter rater Comparision of DOD Human Factors Analysis and Classification Sytem HFACS- and Human Factors Analysis and Classification Sytem HFACS-M. California: Naval Postgradute School, 2013.
  • [27] Rashid, H.S.J., Place, C.S., Braithwaite, G.R., «Helicopter maintenance error analysis: Beyond the third order of the HFACS-ME,» International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, no. 40, pp. 636-647, 2010.
  • [28] Thaden T, Gibbons A, Suzuki T. 14 CFR Part 121 Air Carriers Maintenance Operations Casual Model: Human Error BBN Definitions and Integration. Fedaral Aviation Administration, Illinois, 2007.
  • [29] Broach D, Dollar C. Relationship of Employee Attitudes and Supervisor-Controller Ratio to En Route Operational Error Rates. Federal Aviation Administration, Oklahoma City, 2002.
  • [30] Yesilbas V, Cotter T. Structural Analysis of HFACS İn Unmanned and Manned Airvehicles, In: Proceedings of the American Society for Engineering Management 2014 International Annual Conference, 2014.
  • [31] Baysari M, McIntosh A, Wilson J. Understanding the human factors contribution to railway accidents and incidents in Australia. Accident Analysis and Prevention 2008; 40: 1750-1757.
  • [32] Baysari M, Caponecchia C, McIntosh A, Wilson J. Classification of Errors Contributing to Rail İncidents and Accidents: A Comparison of Two Human Error İdentification Techniques. Safety Science 2009; 47: 948-957.
  • [33] Zhan Q, Zheng W, Zhao B. A hybrid human and organizational analysis method for railway accidents based on HFACS-Railway Accidents (HFACS-RAs). Safety Science 2017; 91: 232-250.
  • [34] Patterson J, Shappell S. Operator Error and System Deficiencies: Analysis of 508 Mining İncidents and Accidents from Queensland, Australia Using HFACS. Accident Analysis and Prevention 2010; 42: 1379–1385.
  • [35] Diller T, Helmrich G, Dunning S, Cox S, Buchanan A, Shappell S. The Human Factors Analysis Classification System (HFACS) Applied to Health Care. American Journal of Medical Quality, 2014; 29.3; 181-190.
  • [36] FSM, Flight Safety Foundation. 2017. Available: https://flightsafety.org/foundation/.
  • [37] HFACS DOD. Human Factors Analysis and Classification Sytem (DOD HFACS) Version 7.0. Department of Defense, 2017.
  • [38] Dönmez K, Uslu S. A Study on Communication Induced Accidents And Incidents In Aviation. The Journal of International Social Research, 2016; 45.9: 1074-1079.
Year 2018, Volume: 19 Issue: 2, 316 - 333, 31.03.2018
https://doi.org/10.18038/aubtda.348219

Abstract

References

  • [1] Uslu S, Dönmez K. A Study on Changes of Cuses Aviation Accidents From Past to Present. 2016: 222-239.
  • [2] Wiegmann D, Shappell S. A Human Error Approach to Aviation Accident Analysis, Cornwall: MPG Books Ltd, 2003. pp 48.
  • [3] Villela B. Applying Human Factors Analysis and Classification System (HFACS) to Aviation Incidents in The Brasilian Navy. Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Florida, 2011.
  • [4] Shappell S, Wiegmann D. The Human Factors Analysis and Classification System–HFACS. U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Aviation Administration, Washington, 2000.
  • [5] Shappell S, Wiegmann D. Human Error Analysis of Commercial Aviation Accidents; Application of The Human Factor Analysis And Classification System. Aviation, Space and Enviromental Medicine, 2001.
  • [6] Shappell S, Wiegmann D. Human Factors Analysis and Classification System. Flight Safety Digest 2001: 15-28.
  • [7] Berry K. A Meta-Analysis of Human Factors Analysis and Classification System Causal Factors: Establishing Benchmarking Standards and Human Error Latent Failure Pathway Associations in Various Domains. TigerPrints, Clemson University, Clemson, 2010.
  • [8] Shappell S, Detwiler C, Holcomb K, Hackworth C, Boquet A, Wiegmann D. Human Error and Commercial Aviation Accidents: An Analysis Using the Human Factors Analysis and Classification System. Human Factors 2007: 227-242.
  • [9] Altun E. The Analysis of the Flight Crew Factors in Aviation Accidents and Suggestion a New Model. Gazi University, Institute of Science and Technology, Ankara, Turkey, 2009.
  • [10] Wiegmann D, Shappell S, A Human Error Approach to Aviation Accident Analysis. England, 2003.
  • [11] Liu S, Chi C, Li W. The Application of Human Factors Analysis and Classification System (HFACS) to Investigate Human Errors in Helicopter Accidents. Engineering Psychologyand and Cognitive Ergonomics, Taipei, 2013.
  • [12] Harris D, Li W. An extension of the Human Factors Analysis and Classification System for use in open systems. Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science 2010: 108-128.
  • [13] ATSB. Human factors analysis of Australian aviation accidents and comparison with the United States. Australian Transport Safety Bureau, Australia, 2007.
  • [14] Shappell S, Wiegmann D. Human Factors Analysis of Postaccident Data: Applying Theoretical Taxonomies of Human Error. The International Journal of Aviation Psychology, 1997: 61-87.
  • [15] Li W, Harris D. Pilot error and its relationship with higher organizational levels: HFACS analysis of 523 accidents. Aviation Space and Environmental Medicine, 2006, 77.10: 1056-1061.
  • [16] Olsen N, Shorrock S. Evaluation of the HFACS-ADF safety classification system: Inter-coder consensus and intra-coder consistency. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 2009, 42: 437-444.
  • [17] Shappell S, Wiegmann D. Applying The Human Factor Analysis and Classification Systems to the Analysis of Commercial Aviation Accident Data. In: 11th International Symposium on Aviation Psychology; 2001; Columbus, OH.
  • [18] Ting L, Dai D. The Identification of Human Errors Leading to Accidents for improving Aviation Safety. In: 14th International IEEE Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems, 2011; Washington, DC.
  • [19] Li W, Harris D, Yu C. Routes to failure: Analysis of 41 civil aviation accidents from the Republic of China using the human factors analysis and classification system. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 2008; 40: 426–434.
  • [20] Wiegmann D, Shappell S. A Human Error Analysis of Commercial Aviation Accidents Using the Human Factors Analysis and Classification System (HFACS). Virginia, ABD, Federal Aviation Administration, 2001.
  • [21] Lenné M, Ashby K, Fitzharris M. Analysis of General Aviation Crashes in Australia Using the Human Factors Analysis and Classification System. In: The International Journal of Aviation Psychology, 2008, pp. 340-352.
  • [22] Rashid J. Human Factors Effects in Helicopter Maintenance: Proactive Monitoring and Controlling Techniques. Cranfield: Cranfield University, 2010. [23] Çelik M, Çebi S. Analytical HFACS for investigating human errors in shipping accidents. Accident Analysis and Prevention 2009; 41: 66-75.
  • [24] Akyüz E, Çelik M. Utilisation of cognitive map in modelling human error in marine accident analysis and prevention. Safety Science 2014; 70: 19-28.
  • [25] Hinrichs J, Baldauf M, Ghirxi K. Accident investigation reporting deficiencies related to organizational factors in machinery space fires and explosions. Accident Analysis and Prevention 2011; 43: 1187-1196.
  • [26] Bilbro J, An Inter rater Comparision of DOD Human Factors Analysis and Classification Sytem HFACS- and Human Factors Analysis and Classification Sytem HFACS-M. California: Naval Postgradute School, 2013.
  • [27] Rashid, H.S.J., Place, C.S., Braithwaite, G.R., «Helicopter maintenance error analysis: Beyond the third order of the HFACS-ME,» International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, no. 40, pp. 636-647, 2010.
  • [28] Thaden T, Gibbons A, Suzuki T. 14 CFR Part 121 Air Carriers Maintenance Operations Casual Model: Human Error BBN Definitions and Integration. Fedaral Aviation Administration, Illinois, 2007.
  • [29] Broach D, Dollar C. Relationship of Employee Attitudes and Supervisor-Controller Ratio to En Route Operational Error Rates. Federal Aviation Administration, Oklahoma City, 2002.
  • [30] Yesilbas V, Cotter T. Structural Analysis of HFACS İn Unmanned and Manned Airvehicles, In: Proceedings of the American Society for Engineering Management 2014 International Annual Conference, 2014.
  • [31] Baysari M, McIntosh A, Wilson J. Understanding the human factors contribution to railway accidents and incidents in Australia. Accident Analysis and Prevention 2008; 40: 1750-1757.
  • [32] Baysari M, Caponecchia C, McIntosh A, Wilson J. Classification of Errors Contributing to Rail İncidents and Accidents: A Comparison of Two Human Error İdentification Techniques. Safety Science 2009; 47: 948-957.
  • [33] Zhan Q, Zheng W, Zhao B. A hybrid human and organizational analysis method for railway accidents based on HFACS-Railway Accidents (HFACS-RAs). Safety Science 2017; 91: 232-250.
  • [34] Patterson J, Shappell S. Operator Error and System Deficiencies: Analysis of 508 Mining İncidents and Accidents from Queensland, Australia Using HFACS. Accident Analysis and Prevention 2010; 42: 1379–1385.
  • [35] Diller T, Helmrich G, Dunning S, Cox S, Buchanan A, Shappell S. The Human Factors Analysis Classification System (HFACS) Applied to Health Care. American Journal of Medical Quality, 2014; 29.3; 181-190.
  • [36] FSM, Flight Safety Foundation. 2017. Available: https://flightsafety.org/foundation/.
  • [37] HFACS DOD. Human Factors Analysis and Classification Sytem (DOD HFACS) Version 7.0. Department of Defense, 2017.
  • [38] Dönmez K, Uslu S. A Study on Communication Induced Accidents And Incidents In Aviation. The Journal of International Social Research, 2016; 45.9: 1074-1079.
There are 37 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Kadir Dönmez 0000-0002-1236-0498

Suat Uslu

Publication Date March 31, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 19 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Dönmez, K., & Uslu, S. (2018). THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FLIGHT OPERATIONS AND ORGANIZATIONS IN AIRCRAFT ACCIDENTS; THE APPLICATION OF THE HUMAN FACTOR ANALYSIS AND CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM. Anadolu University Journal of Science and Technology A - Applied Sciences and Engineering, 19(2), 316-333. https://doi.org/10.18038/aubtda.348219
AMA Dönmez K, Uslu S. THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FLIGHT OPERATIONS AND ORGANIZATIONS IN AIRCRAFT ACCIDENTS; THE APPLICATION OF THE HUMAN FACTOR ANALYSIS AND CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM. AUJST-A. June 2018;19(2):316-333. doi:10.18038/aubtda.348219
Chicago Dönmez, Kadir, and Suat Uslu. “THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FLIGHT OPERATIONS AND ORGANIZATIONS IN AIRCRAFT ACCIDENTS; THE APPLICATION OF THE HUMAN FACTOR ANALYSIS AND CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM”. Anadolu University Journal of Science and Technology A - Applied Sciences and Engineering 19, no. 2 (June 2018): 316-33. https://doi.org/10.18038/aubtda.348219.
EndNote Dönmez K, Uslu S (June 1, 2018) THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FLIGHT OPERATIONS AND ORGANIZATIONS IN AIRCRAFT ACCIDENTS; THE APPLICATION OF THE HUMAN FACTOR ANALYSIS AND CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM. Anadolu University Journal of Science and Technology A - Applied Sciences and Engineering 19 2 316–333.
IEEE K. Dönmez and S. Uslu, “THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FLIGHT OPERATIONS AND ORGANIZATIONS IN AIRCRAFT ACCIDENTS; THE APPLICATION OF THE HUMAN FACTOR ANALYSIS AND CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM”, AUJST-A, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 316–333, 2018, doi: 10.18038/aubtda.348219.
ISNAD Dönmez, Kadir - Uslu, Suat. “THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FLIGHT OPERATIONS AND ORGANIZATIONS IN AIRCRAFT ACCIDENTS; THE APPLICATION OF THE HUMAN FACTOR ANALYSIS AND CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM”. Anadolu University Journal of Science and Technology A - Applied Sciences and Engineering 19/2 (June 2018), 316-333. https://doi.org/10.18038/aubtda.348219.
JAMA Dönmez K, Uslu S. THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FLIGHT OPERATIONS AND ORGANIZATIONS IN AIRCRAFT ACCIDENTS; THE APPLICATION OF THE HUMAN FACTOR ANALYSIS AND CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM. AUJST-A. 2018;19:316–333.
MLA Dönmez, Kadir and Suat Uslu. “THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FLIGHT OPERATIONS AND ORGANIZATIONS IN AIRCRAFT ACCIDENTS; THE APPLICATION OF THE HUMAN FACTOR ANALYSIS AND CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM”. Anadolu University Journal of Science and Technology A - Applied Sciences and Engineering, vol. 19, no. 2, 2018, pp. 316-33, doi:10.18038/aubtda.348219.
Vancouver Dönmez K, Uslu S. THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FLIGHT OPERATIONS AND ORGANIZATIONS IN AIRCRAFT ACCIDENTS; THE APPLICATION OF THE HUMAN FACTOR ANALYSIS AND CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM. AUJST-A. 2018;19(2):316-33.